Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
Nursing Department, Quanzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 2;12:1271327. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1271327. eCollection 2024.
Public health emergencies impose unique challenges on pregnant women, affecting their physiological, psychological, and social wellbeing. This study, focusing on the context of the corona virus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China, aims to comprehensively explore the experiences of pregnant women amidst diverse public health crises. Herein, we investigate the health education needs of pregnant Chinese women in regard to public health emergencies to provide a scientific foundation for the development of targeted health education strategies.
The study described in this article aims to explore the health education needs of pregnant Chinese women in the context of public health emergencies specifying the types of emergencies of pandemics and to provide a scientific basis for targeted health education interventions.
Thirteen pregnant women were purposively selected, and the rationale for this sample size lies in the qualitative nature of the study, seeking in-depth insights rather than generalizability. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, and the Colaizzi, which is a structured qualitative technique used to extract, interpret, and organize significant statements from participant descriptions into themes, providing a comprehensive understanding of their lived experiences.
The analysis yielded six prominent themes encompassing the following areas: I. Personal protection and vaccine safety; II. Knowledge of maternal health; III. Knowledge of fetal health; IV. Knowledge of childbirth; V. Knowledge of postpartum recovery; and VI. Knowledge sources of health education for pregnant women and their expectations of healthcare providers. Theme I was analyzed with two sub-themes (needs for personal protection knowledge, vaccine safety knowledge needs); Theme II was analyzed with three sub-themes (nutrition and diet, exercise and rest, sexual life); Theme III was analyzed with three sub-themes (medications and hazardous substances, pregnancy check-ups, and fetal movement monitoring); Theme IV was analyzed with three sub-themes (family accompaniment, analgesia in childbirth, and choice of mode of delivery); Theme V was analyzed with one sub-theme (knowledge of postnatal recovery); Theme VI was analyzed with one sub-theme (expectations of Healthcare providers). Sub-themes within each main theme were identified, offering a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted challenges faced by pregnant women during public health emergencies. The interrelation between sub-themes and main themes contributes to a holistic portrayal of their experiences.
The study emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to tailor health education for pregnant women during emergencies, highlighting the role of the Internet in improving information dissemination. It recommends actionable strategies for effective health communication, ensuring these women receive comprehensive support through digital platforms for better health outcomes during public health crises.
公共卫生突发事件给孕妇带来了独特的挑战，影响了她们的生理、心理和社会健康。本研究聚焦于中国 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行背景下，旨在全面探讨孕妇在各种公共卫生危机中的体验。在此，我们研究了中国孕妇在公共卫生突发事件中的健康教育需求，为制定有针对性的健康教育策略提供科学依据。
本研究旨在探讨公共卫生突发事件中中国孕妇的健康教育需求，具体说明突发事件的类型，并为有针对性的健康教育干预提供科学依据。
本研究采用目的抽样法选择了 13 名孕妇，这种抽样方法适用于定性研究，旨在深入了解孕妇的体验，而不是追求普遍性。数据收集采用半结构式访谈，Colaizzi 方法是一种结构化的定性技术，用于从参与者的描述中提取、解释和组织有意义的陈述，形成主题，从而全面了解他们的生活体验。
分析产生了六个突出的主题，涵盖以下领域：I. 个人防护和疫苗安全；II. 孕产妇健康知识；III. 胎儿健康知识；IV. 分娩知识；V. 产后康复知识；VI. 孕产妇健康教育知识来源及其对医护人员的期望。主题 I 分为两个子主题（个人防护知识需求、疫苗安全知识需求）；主题 II 分为三个子主题（营养与饮食、运动与休息、性生活）；主题 III 分为三个子主题（药物和有害物质、产检和胎动监测）；主题 IV 分为三个子主题（家庭陪伴、分娩镇痛、分娩方式选择）；主题 V 分为一个子主题（产后康复知识）；主题 VI 分为一个子主题（对医护人员的期望）。每个主要主题内都确定了子主题，深入了解了孕妇在公共卫生突发事件中面临的多方面挑战。子主题与主题之间的相互关系有助于全面描绘她们的体验。
本研究强调了医护人员在紧急情况下为孕妇提供健康教育的必要性，强调了互联网在改善信息传播方面的作用。它为有效的健康沟通提出了可行的策略，建议通过数字平台为这些女性提供全面支持，以改善她们在公共卫生危机期间的健康状况。
