Taylor H R, Velasco F M, Sommer A
Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(3):559-67.
A total of 1097 people in two communities in Chiapas, Mexico, were examined for trachoma, and information was obtained about personal and family hygiene. Trachoma was hyperendemic; approximately 25% of those under 10 years old were found to have significant inflammatory trachoma and almost 100% of those aged over 40 years had cicatricial trachoma, although the prevalence of trachoma differed significantly between the two communities. Risk factor analysis was performed by contingency table analysis and chi(2) testing. The most important parameter associated with the occurrence and severity of inflammatory trachoma in children was the frequency of face washing. Children who washed their faces 7 or more times per week had significantly less trachoma than those who washed less often (chi(2) (2df) = 28.7; P < 0.001). This effect was independent of age, use of clean water and soap, or use of clothes to dry the face. Children who washed infrequently and who used clothes to dry the face or clean the nose were more at risk for trachoma. No parameters of family hygiene or socioeconomic status correlated with the amount of trachoma in a family.These data confirm and quantify for the first time the long-held belief that trachoma is associated with poor personal hygiene and suggest potentially effective and efficient intervention strategies.
在墨西哥恰帕斯州的两个社区，共有1097人接受了沙眼检查，并获取了有关个人和家庭卫生的信息。沙眼呈高度流行；尽管两个社区的沙眼患病率存在显著差异，但发现约25%的10岁以下儿童患有严重的炎性沙眼，几乎100%的40岁以上人群患有瘢痕性沙眼。通过列联表分析和卡方检验进行危险因素分析。与儿童炎性沙眼的发生和严重程度相关的最重要参数是洗脸频率。每周洗脸7次或更多次的儿童沙眼患病率明显低于洗脸次数较少的儿童（卡方检验(2自由度)=28.7；P<0.001）。这种影响与年龄、是否使用清洁水和肥皂或是否用衣物擦干脸部无关。不经常洗脸且用衣物擦干脸部或清洁鼻子的儿童患沙眼的风险更高。家庭卫生或社会经济地位的参数与家庭中的沙眼数量均无关联。这些数据首次证实并量化了长期以来的观点，即沙眼与个人卫生差有关，并提出了潜在有效且高效的干预策略。
