Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Morphofunctional Sciences, Chair of Anatomy and Embryology, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iași, University street No 16, Iași 700115, Romania.
Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2024 Aug;255:152283. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152283. Epub 2024 May 18.
Voice production has been an area of interest in science since ancient times, and although advancing research has improved our understanding of the anatomy and function of the larynx, there is still little general consensus on these two topics. This review aims to outline the main developments in this field and highlight the areas where further research is needed. The most important hypotheses are presented and discussed highlighting the four main lines of research in the anatomy of the human larynx and their most important findings: (1) the arrangement of the muscle fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle is not parallel to the vocal folds in the internal part (vocalis muscle), leading to altered properties during contraction; (2) the histological structure of the human vocal cords differs from other striated muscles; (3) there is a specialized type of heavy myosin chains in the larynx; and (4) the neuromuscular system of the larynx has specific structures that form the basis of an intrinsic laryngeal nervous system. These approaches are discussed in the context of current physiological models of vocal fold vibration, and new avenues of investigation are proposed.
自古以来，发声一直是科学研究的热点领域。尽管不断深入的研究提高了我们对喉解剖结构和功能的理解，但在这两个主题上仍未达成普遍共识。本综述旨在概述该领域的主要进展，并强调需要进一步研究的领域。本文提出并讨论了最重要的假说，突出了人类喉解剖学的四条主要研究线及其最重要的发现：（1）甲状肌的肌纤维排列在内部（声肌）部分与声带不平行，导致收缩时性质改变；（2）人类声带的组织学结构不同于其他横纹肌；（3）喉中有专门类型的重肌球蛋白链；（4）喉的神经肌肉系统具有特定的结构，构成内在喉神经系统的基础。这些方法是在声带振动的当前生理模型的背景下讨论的，并提出了新的研究途径。
