Liu Lie, Lan Huachun, Cui Yuqi, Tang Qingwen, Bai Jiaqi, An Xiaoqiang, Sun Meng, Liu Huijuan, Qu Jiuhui
Center for Water and Ecology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Sci Adv. 2024 May 24;10(21):eadn8696. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn8696.
Drinking water with micropollutants is a notable environmental concern worldwide. Membrane separation is one of the few methods capable of removing micropollutants from water. However, existing membranes face challenges in the simultaneous and efficient treatment of small-molecular and ionic contaminants because of their limited permselectivity. Here, we propose a high-efficiency water purification method using a low-pressure Janus membrane with electro-induced multi-affinity. By virtue of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between the functional interfaces and contaminants, the Janus membrane achieves simultaneous separation of diverse types of organics and heavy metals from water via single-pass filtration, with an approximately 100% removal efficiency, high water flux (>680 liters m hour), and 98% lower energy consumption compared with commercial nanofiltration membranes. The electro-induced switching of interfacial affinity enables 100% regeneration of membrane performance; thus, our work paves a sustainable avenue for drinking water purification by regulating the interfacial affinity of membranes.
饮用含有微污染物的水是全球一个显著的环境问题。膜分离是能够从水中去除微污染物的少数方法之一。然而，由于现有膜的渗透选择性有限，在同时高效处理小分子和离子污染物方面面临挑战。在此，我们提出一种使用具有电诱导多亲和力的低压Janus膜的高效水净化方法。凭借功能界面与污染物之间的疏水和静电相互作用，Janus膜通过单程过滤实现从水中同时分离多种类型的有机物和重金属，去除效率约为100%，水通量高（>680升·米⁻²·小时⁻¹），与商业纳滤膜相比能耗降低98%。界面亲和力的电诱导切换使膜性能能够100%再生；因此，我们的工作通过调节膜的界面亲和力为饮用水净化开辟了一条可持续的途径。
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