Kong Lingyu, Wang Xu, Yang Ziying, Tang Yihan, Wang Zhiwei, Ma Yu, Li Jinghua, Zhang Zhoubin, Gu Jing
Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 May 7;12(5):502. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050502.
The escalating complexity of the COVID-19 epidemic underscores the need for heightened attention to booster vaccinations. This study aims to examine the changing trend in the public's intention to receive the second COVID-19 booster vaccination over time and the associated factors following the COVID-19 policy optimization in China.
Eight cross-sectional surveys utilizing SMS questionnaire links were conducted in Guangzhou, China, from December 2022 to April 2023. The Mann-Kendall test was employed to analyze the trend in intentions to receive the second booster vaccination across the survey time. Adjusted and multivariate logistic analyses were used to analyze the factors associated with vaccination intention. Parallel analyses were performed for two subgroups with different COVID-19 infection statuses.
A total of 9860 respondents were surveyed in the eight rounds, of which 8048 completed the first booster vaccination and were included in the analysis. The overall COVID-19 infection rate was 60.0% (4832/8048), while the overall vaccination intention was 72.2% (5810/8048) among respondents. The vaccination intention exhibited a significant declining trend over time, decreasing from 81.5% in December 2022 to 52.2% in April 2023. An adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety and depression were negatively associated with an intention to receive the second booster vaccination, while COVID-19-related preventive behaviors and a high engagement in COVID-19-related information were positively associated with an intention to receive the second booster vaccination. A subgroup analysis revealed that the association between psychological and behavioral characteristics and vaccination intention remained relatively stable among individuals with different histories of COVID-19 infections.
There was a significant decline in the intention to receive the second booster vaccination following the optimization of the COVID policy in China. Our findings emphasize the urgency of the second booster vaccination and provide a foundation for the development of tailored interventions to enhance and sustain vaccination intention among the public.
新冠疫情的复杂性不断升级，凸显了加强对加强针接种关注的必要性。本研究旨在探讨在中国新冠政策优化后，公众接种第二剂新冠加强针的意愿随时间的变化趋势及相关因素。
2022年12月至2023年4月期间，在中国广州通过短信问卷链接进行了8次横断面调查。采用曼-肯德尔检验分析整个调查期间接种第二剂加强针意愿的趋势。使用调整后的多变量逻辑分析来分析与接种意愿相关的因素。对具有不同新冠感染状态的两个亚组进行了平行分析。
在八轮调查中共对9860名受访者进行了调查，其中8048人完成了第一剂加强针接种并纳入分析。受访者中总体新冠感染率为60.0%（4832/8048），而总体接种意愿为72.2%（5810/8048）。接种意愿随时间呈显著下降趋势，从2022年12月的81.5%降至2023年4月的52.2%。调整后的逻辑回归分析显示，焦虑和抑郁与接种第二剂加强针的意愿呈负相关，而新冠相关预防行为和对新冠相关信息的高度关注与接种第二剂加强针的意愿呈正相关。亚组分析显示，在有不同新冠感染史的个体中，心理和行为特征与接种意愿之间的关联保持相对稳定。
在中国新冠政策优化后，接种第二剂加强针的意愿显著下降。我们的研究结果强调了接种第二剂加强针的紧迫性，并为制定针对性干预措施以增强和维持公众接种意愿提供了基础。
