Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2024 May 31;10(22):eadp1532. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adp1532.
Animals have evolved various sex determination systems. Here, we describe a newly found mechanism. A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transduces complementary sex determination (CSD) signal in the invasive Argentine ant. In this haplodiploid species, we identified a 5-kilobase hyper-polymorphic region underlying CSD: Heterozygous embryos become females, while homozygous and hemizygous embryos become males. Heterozygosity at the locus correlates with higher expression of , a gene that overlaps with the locus and specifies an lncRNA transcript. knockdown in heterozygotes leads to male development. Comparative analyses indicated that, in Hymenoptera, is an ancient yet rapidly evolving gene. This study reveals an lncRNA involved in genetic sex determination, alongside a previously unknown regulatory mechanism underlying sex determination based on complementarity among noncoding alleles.
动物进化出了各种性别决定系统。在这里，我们描述了一种新发现的机制。一种长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）在入侵的阿根廷蚂蚁中传递互补性别决定（CSD）信号。在这个单倍体和二倍体物种中，我们鉴定出一个 5kb 超多态区域是 CSD 的基础：杂合子胚胎发育为雌性，而纯合子和半合子胚胎发育为雄性。 位点的杂合性与更高的表达相关，重叠的基因和指定一个 lncRNA 转录本。在杂合子中敲低 导致雄性发育。比较分析表明，在膜翅目昆虫中， 是一个古老但快速进化的基因。这项研究揭示了一种参与遗传性别决定的 lncRNA，以及一种以前未知的基于非编码等位基因互补的性别决定的调节机制。
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