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图雷特综合征中基于统计和规则的预测的神经表示。

Neural representations of statistical and rule-based predictions in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

机构信息

Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

出版信息

Hum Brain Mapp. 2024 Jun 1;45(8):e26719. doi: 10.1002/hbm.26719.

Abstract

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a disorder characterised by motor and vocal tics, which may represent habitual actions as a result of enhanced learning of associations between stimuli and responses (S-R). In this study, we investigated how adults with GTS and healthy controls (HC) learn two types of regularities in a sequence: statistics (non-adjacent probabilities) and rules (predefined order). Participants completed a visuomotor sequence learning task while EEG was recorded. To understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of these regularities in GTS, multivariate pattern analyses on the temporally decomposed EEG signal as well as sLORETA source localisation method were conducted. We found that people with GTS showed superior statistical learning but comparable rule-based learning compared to HC participants. Adults with GTS had different neural representations for both statistics and rules than HC adults; specifically, adults with GTS maintained the regularity representations longer and had more overlap between them than HCs. Moreover, over different time scales, distinct fronto-parietal structures contribute to statistical learning in the GTS and HC groups. We propose that hyper-learning in GTS is a consequence of the altered sensitivity to encode complex statistics, which might lead to habitual actions.

摘要

图雷特综合征(Gilles de la Tourette syndrome,GTS)是一种以运动和发声抽动为特征的疾病,这可能是由于刺激和反应(S-R)之间的关联得到了增强学习而导致的习惯性动作。在这项研究中,我们调查了成年 GTS 患者和健康对照组(HC)如何学习序列中的两种规律性:统计学(非相邻概率)和规则(预定义顺序)。参与者在完成视觉运动序列学习任务的同时记录了 EEG。为了了解 GTS 中这些规律性的神经生理基础,我们对时间分解的 EEG 信号进行了多元模式分析以及 sLORETA 源定位方法。我们发现,与 HC 参与者相比,GTS 患者在统计学习方面表现出色,但在基于规则的学习方面表现相当。与 HC 成年人相比,GTS 成年人对统计学和规则的神经表示不同;具体来说,GTS 成年人比 HC 成年人保持规律表示的时间更长,并且它们之间的重叠更多。此外,在不同的时间尺度上,不同的额顶叶结构对 GTS 和 HC 组的统计学习有贡献。我们提出,GTS 中的过度学习是对复杂统计学进行编码的敏感性改变的结果,这可能导致习惯性动作。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2fe8/11144952/1adfc4b8fb2c/HBM-45-e26719-g002.jpg

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