Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Work. 2024;79(2):653-660. doi: 10.3233/WOR-230066.
Varied noise environments, such as impulse noise and steady-state noise, may induce distinct patterns of hearing impairment among personnel exposed to prolonged noise. However, comparative studies on these effects remain limited.
This study aims to delineate the different characteristics of hearing loss in workers exposed to steady-state noise and impulse noise.
As of December 2020, 96 workers exposed to steady-state noise and 177 workers exposed to impulse noise were assessed. Hearing loss across various frequencies was measured using pure tone audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) audiometry.
Both groups of workers exposed to steady-state noise and impulse noise exhibited high frequencies hearing loss. The steady-state noise group displayed significantly greater hearing loss at lower frequencies in the early stages, spanning 1- 5 years of work (P < 0.05). Among individuals exposed to impulse noise for extended periods (over 10 years), the observed hearing loss surpassed that of the steady-state noise group, displaying a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).
Hearing loss resulting from both steady-state noise and impulse noise predominantly occurs at high frequencies. Early exposure to steady-state noise induces more pronounced hearing loss at speech frequencies compared to impulse noise.
在长期暴露于噪声环境下的人员中，脉冲噪声和稳态噪声等不同噪声环境可能会导致不同类型的听力损伤。然而，针对这些影响的比较研究仍然有限。
本研究旨在描述稳态噪声和脉冲噪声暴露工人的听力损失的不同特征。
截至 2020 年 12 月，评估了 96 名暴露于稳态噪声的工人和 177 名暴露于脉冲噪声的工人。使用纯音测听和畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）测听评估各种频率的听力损失。
稳态噪声和脉冲噪声暴露组的工人均表现出高频听力损失。稳态噪声组在工作 1-5 年内（P＜0.05），在低频段表现出更明显的早期听力损失。在长期（超过 10 年）暴露于脉冲噪声的人群中，观察到的听力损失超过了稳态噪声组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。
稳态噪声和脉冲噪声引起的听力损失主要发生在高频。早期暴露于稳态噪声会导致语音频率的听力损失比脉冲噪声更明显。
