与青少年戒烟和尝试戒烟意愿相关的因素：结构方程模型方法。

College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA.

College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA.

Addict Behav. 2024 Oct;157:108074. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108074. Epub 2024 May 24.

OBJECTIVES

Previous youth tobacco research has identified multiple factors relating to intentions to quit vaping and quit attempts among current e-cigarette users in adolescents. The pathways in the complex associations with vaping cessation behaviors remain unclear.

METHODS

Using data from the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) (grades 6-12), structural equation models (SEMs) are developed to examine the associations of social environment, vaping risk perceptions, e-cigarette marketing, vaping characteristics, and demographics with two outcome measures - intentions to quit vaping and past year quit attempts among current e-cigarette users.

RESULTS

The national sample of current e-cigarette users (n = 2,701) consisted of 52.7 % females, 47.0 % non-Hispanic Whites, 80.1 % high school students, and 56.2 % heterosexual individuals. Among them, 70.2 % reported intentions to quit vaping and 66.3 % reported past year quit attempts. The protective factor for quit intentions was vaping risk perceptions (p < 0.001). Risk factors included e-cigarette marketing (p = 0.04), dual use of e-cigarettes and other tobacco products (p = 0.003), vaping due to feeling anxious or stressed (p = 0.01), vaping for nicotine buzz (p = 0.002), nicotine dependence (p = 0.02), identifying as Gay or Lesbian (p < 0.001), bisexual (p = 0.03), or Hispanic (p = 0.04). Similar associations were observed with quit attempts except that e-cigarette marketing, vaping due to feeling anxious or stressed, vaping dependence, and identifying as Hispanic were not significant. Besides, high vaping frequency (p < 0.001), grade level (p < 0.001) and not sure about sexual orientation (p = 0.01) were also negatively associated with quit attempts.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided insights into factors influencing vaping cessation outcomes among adolescent current e-cigarette users. Developing tailored vaping cessation programs based on these findings could enhance quit success.

目的

之前的青少年群体吸烟研究已经确定了与当前电子烟使用者戒烟意愿和戒烟尝试相关的多个因素。但电子烟戒断行为的复杂关联路径仍不清楚。

方法

利用 2022 年全国青少年烟草调查（NYTS）（6-12 年级）的数据，采用结构方程模型（SEMs）来研究社会环境、电子烟风险认知、电子烟营销、电子烟使用特征和人口统计学因素与当前电子烟使用者的两个结果测量指标（戒烟意愿和过去一年的戒烟尝试）之间的关联。

结果

在当前电子烟使用者的全国样本（n=2701）中，女性占 52.7%，非西班牙裔白人占 47.0%，高中生占 80.1%，异性恋者占 56.2%。其中，70.2%的人报告有戒烟意愿，66.3%的人报告过去一年有戒烟尝试。戒烟意愿的保护因素是电子烟风险认知（p<0.001）。风险因素包括电子烟营销（p=0.04）、电子烟与其他烟草制品同时使用（p=0.003）、因焦虑或压力而使用电子烟（p=0.01）、为获得尼古丁快感而使用电子烟（p=0.002）、尼古丁依赖（p=0.02）、同性恋或女同性恋（p<0.001）、双性恋（p=0.03）或西班牙裔（p=0.04）。与戒烟尝试相关的因素也类似，只是电子烟营销、因焦虑或压力而使用电子烟、电子烟依赖和西班牙裔身份不再具有显著意义。此外，较高的电子烟使用频率（p<0.001）、年级（p<0.001）和不确定性取向（p=0.01）也与戒烟尝试呈负相关。