Yu Fengchen, Wang Puyu, Liu Lin, Li Hongliang, Zhang Zhengyong, Dai Yuping, Wang Fanglong, Chen Puchen, Zhang Mingyu, Gao Yu
State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Sep 20;944:173703. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173703. Epub 2024 Jun 8.
Glacial changes are crucial to regional water resources and ecosystems in the Sawir Mountains. However, glacial changes, including the mass balance and glacial meltwater of the Sawir Mountains, have sparsely been reported. Three model calibration strategies were constructed including a regression model based on albedo and in-situ mass balance of Muz Taw Glacier (A-M), regression model based on albedo and geodetic mass balance of valley, cirque, and hanging glaciers (A-M), and degree-day model (DDM) to obtain a reliable glacier mass balance in the Sawir Mountains and provide the latest understanding in the contribution of glacial meltwater runoff to regional water resources. The results indicated that the glacial albedo reduction was significant from 2000 to 2020 for the entire Sawir Mountains, with a rate of 0.015 (10a), and the spatial pattern was higher in the east compared to the west. Second, the three strategies all indicated that the glacier mass balance has been continuously negative during the past 20 periods, and the average annual glacier mass balance was -1.01 m w.e. Third, the average annual glacial meltwater runoff in the Sawir Mountains from 2000 to 2020 was 22 × 10 m, and its contribution to streamflow was 25.81 % from 2000 to 2018. The glacier contribution rates in the Ulkun- Ulastu, Lhaster, and Kendall River basins were 31.37 %, 22.51 %, and 19.27 %, respectively.
冰川变化对萨维尔山脉的区域水资源和生态系统至关重要。然而，包括萨维尔山脉的物质平衡和冰川融水在内的冰川变化鲜有报道。构建了三种模型校准策略，包括基于穆兹塔格冰川反照率和实地物质平衡的回归模型（A-M）、基于山谷、冰斗和悬冰川反照率和大地测量物质平衡的回归模型（A-M）以及度日模型（DDM），以获得萨维尔山脉可靠的冰川物质平衡，并提供冰川融水径流对区域水资源贡献的最新认识。结果表明，2000年至2020年期间，整个萨维尔山脉的冰川反照率显著降低，速率为0.015（10年），且东部的空间格局高于西部。其次，这三种策略均表明，在过去20个时期内，冰川物质平衡一直为负，年平均冰川物质平衡为-1.01米水当量。第三，2000年至2020年期间，萨维尔山脉的年平均冰川融水径流量为22×10立方米，2000年至2018年期间其对河流流量的贡献为25.81%。乌尔昆-乌拉斯图、拉斯特和肯德尔河流域的冰川贡献率分别为31.37%、22.51%和19.27%。
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