Hoard Tyler M, Liu Katie, Cadigan Kenneth M, Giger Roman J, Allen Benjamin L
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 May 29:2024.05.29.596372. doi: 10.1101/2024.05.29.596372.
Precise control of morphogen signaling levels is essential for proper development. An outstanding question is: what mechanisms ensure proper morphogen activity and correct cellular responses? Previous work has identified Semaphorin (SEMA) receptors, Neuropilins (NRPs) and Plexins (PLXNs), as positive regulators of the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. Here, we provide evidence that NRPs and PLXNs antagonize Wnt signaling in both fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Further, deletion in fibroblasts results in elevated baseline Wnt pathway activity and increased maximal responses to Wnt stimulation. Notably, and in contrast to HH signaling, SEMA receptor-mediated Wnt antagonism is independent of primary cilia. Mechanistically, PLXNs and NRPs act downstream of Dishevelled (DVL) to destabilize β-catenin (CTNNB1) in a proteosome-dependent manner. Further, NRPs, but not PLXNs, act in a GSK3β/CK1-dependent fashion to antagonize Wnt signaling, suggesting distinct repressive mechanisms for these SEMA receptors. Overall, this study identifies SEMA receptors as novel Wnt pathway antagonists that may also play larger roles integrating signals from multiple inputs.
形态发生素信号水平的精确控制对于正常发育至关重要。一个突出的问题是:哪些机制确保了适当的形态发生素活性和正确的细胞反应?先前的研究已确定信号素(SEMA)受体、神经纤毛蛋白(NRPs)和丛状蛋白(PLXNs)是刺猬索尼克(HH)信号通路的正向调节因子。在此,我们提供证据表明,NRPs和PLXNs在成纤维细胞和上皮细胞中均拮抗Wnt信号。此外,成纤维细胞中的缺失会导致Wnt通路基础活性升高,并增加对Wnt刺激的最大反应。值得注意的是,与HH信号不同,SEMA受体介导的Wnt拮抗作用不依赖于初级纤毛。从机制上讲,PLXNs和NRPs在散乱蛋白(DVL)下游起作用,以蛋白酶体依赖性方式使β-连环蛋白(CTNNB1)不稳定。此外,NRPs而非PLXNs以GSK3β/CK1依赖性方式拮抗Wnt信号,这表明这些SEMA受体存在不同的抑制机制。总体而言,本研究确定SEMA受体是新型Wnt通路拮抗剂,可能在整合来自多个输入的信号方面也发挥更大作用。