Post-hot-cast annealing deposition of perovskite films with infused multifunctional organic molecules to enhance the performance of large-area light-emitting devices.

All-inorganic perovskites show great promise as an emission layer in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) owing to their easy solution processing, low manufacturing cost, and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, there is still an immense performance gap from small-area devices to large-area PeLED devices. The inhomogeneity of large-area high-quality perovskite films inevitably leads to vast defects and electroluminescence performance losses. Herein, a post-hot-cast annealing deposition scheme and the introduction of the multifunctional molecule 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (APDO) were proposed to regulate the crystallization of the perovskite film. As a result, uniform APDO:CsPbBrCl perovskite films with high crystallinity and lower defect density were deposited by post-hot-cast annealing. A decent maximum brightness of 2659 cd m was achieved for the large-area cyan PeLEDs with an emitting area of 400 mm.