Chronic mitochondrial dynamic-targeted therapy alleviates left ventricular dysfunction by reducing multiple programmed cell death in post-myocardial infarction rats.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and the activation of multiple programmed cell death (PCD) have been shown to aggravate the severity and mortality associated with the progression of myocardial infarction (MI). Although pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, including treatment with the fusion promoter (M1) and the fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1), exerted cardioprotection against several cardiac complications, their roles in the post-MI model have never been investigated. Using a MI rat model instigated by permanent left-anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion, post-MI rats were randomly assigned to receive one of 4 treatments (n = 10/group): vehicle (DMSO 3%V/V), enalapril (10 mg/kg), Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg) and M1 (2 mg/kg), while a control group of sham operated rats underwent surgery without LAD occlusion (n = 10). After 32-day treatment, cardiac and mitochondrial function, and histopathological morphology were investigated and molecular analysis was performed. Treatment with enalapril, Mdivi-1, and M1 significantly mitigated cardiac pathological remodeling, reduced myocardial injury, and improved left ventricular (LV) function in post-MI rats. Importantly, all interventions also attenuated mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and mitigated activation of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis after MI. This investigation demonstrated for the first time that chronic mitochondrial dynamic-targeted therapy mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of PCD, leading to improved LV function in post-MI rats.