School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Allied Health Education and Digital Learning, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
Exp Gerontol. 2024 Sep;194:112487. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112487. Epub 2024 Jun 26.
Given the established association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment was mainly in the older and oldest-old population or people with relatively limited education, this study extends the investigation to community-dwelling middle-to-old age adults in urban communities, emphasizing the need for preventive intervention for muscle health and healthy longevity.
Data of 712 participants from the Gan-Dau Healthy Longevity Plan were retrieved for analysis, and all participants were stratified by age (50-64, 65-74 and 75+ years old). Possible sarcopenia was defined by 2019 consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). This study used four neuropsychological tests for analysis, i.e., Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), California Verbal Learning Test II (CVLT-SF), Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Verbal fluency (VF) for global and domain-specific cognitive function. Multivariate generalized linear models (GLMs) were employed to investigate the associations between possible sarcopenia and cognitive function in each age-specific groups.
The prevalence of possible sarcopenia increased with age, with 31.8 %, 37.7 %, and 55.6 % in participants aged 5064, 65-74 and, 75+ years, respectively. On the other hand, cognitive performance declined with age. In particular, among participants aged 75+ years with possible sarcopenia, their cognitive performance were poorer than robust counterparts, including MMSE (26.6 [3.4] vs. 27.4 [2.6]), CVTL-SF (total score: 21.5 [5.4] vs. 23.8 [5.5]; 30-second delayed recall: 6.0 [1.7] vs. 6.5 [1.6]), DSST (32.8 [14.3] vs. 41.3 [18.7]), and VF (12.8 [5.1] vs. 14.8 [4.9]). Multivariate generalized linear model indicated that possible sarcopenia was associated with lower MMSE (β: -0.70, p = 0.014) and lower DSST (β: -7.00, p = 0.010) in those aged 50-64 years. Moreover, possible sarcopenia was associated with lower CVLT-SF (total score β:-1.90, p = 0.028), lower DSST (β: -6.45, p < 0.001), and lower VF (β: -1.64, p=0.026) in 75+ years group.
An association exists between possible sarcopenia and cognitive impairment, encompassing global cognition, delayed memory, verbal fluency, and executive function, among community-dwelling adults of mid-to-old age. Future research is warranted to explore the temporal alterations in this association and the potential effects of interventions aimed at fostering healthy longevity.
鉴于肌肉减少症与认知障碍之间的关联主要存在于老年人或受教育程度相对较低的人群中，本研究将调查范围扩展到城市社区的中老年社区居民，强调需要对肌肉健康和健康长寿进行预防性干预。
本研究检索了来自干达长寿计划的 712 名参与者的数据进行分析，所有参与者均按年龄（50-64、65-74 和 75 岁以上）分层。可能的肌肉减少症由亚洲肌肉减少症工作组（AWGS）2019 年共识报告定义。本研究使用四项神经心理学测试进行分析，即简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、加利福尼亚词语学习测试 II（CVLT-SF）、数字符号替代测试（DSST）和词语流畅性（VF），用于评估整体和特定领域的认知功能。多变量广义线性模型（GLM）用于研究每个年龄组中可能的肌肉减少症与认知功能之间的关联。
可能的肌肉减少症的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加，50-64 岁、65-74 岁和 75 岁及以上年龄组的参与者分别为 31.8%、37.7%和 55.6%。另一方面，认知表现随着年龄的增长而下降。特别是在可能患有肌肉减少症的 75 岁以上的参与者中，他们的认知表现比强壮的同龄人差，包括 MMSE（26.6[3.4] 与 27.4[2.6]）、CVTL-SF（总评分：21.5[5.4] 与 23.8[5.5]；30 秒延迟回忆：6.0[1.7] 与 6.5[1.6]）、DSST（32.8[14.3] 与 41.3[18.7]）和 VF（12.8[5.1] 与 14.8[4.9]）。多变量广义线性模型表明，在 50-64 岁的人群中，可能的肌肉减少症与 MMSE（β：-0.70，p=0.014）和 DSST（β：-7.00，p=0.010）得分较低相关。此外，可能的肌肉减少症与 CVLT-SF（总评分β：-1.90，p=0.028）、DSST（β：-6.45，p<0.001）和 VF（β：-1.64，p=0.026）得分较低相关，在 75 岁以上的人群中。
在中老年社区居民中，可能的肌肉减少症与认知障碍之间存在关联，包括整体认知、延迟记忆、词语流畅性和执行功能。需要进一步研究以探讨这种关联的时间变化以及旨在促进健康长寿的干预措施的潜在影响。
