Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1172, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Genome Biol Evol. 2024 Jul 3;16(7). doi: 10.1093/gbe/evae127.
Genome-wide information has so far been unavailable for ribbon worms of the clade Hoplonemertea, the most species-rich class within the phylum Nemertea. While species within Pilidiophora, the sister clade of Hoplonemertea, possess a pilidium larval stage and lack stylets on their proboscis, Hoplonemertea species have a planuliform larva and are armed with stylets employed for the injection of toxins into their prey. To further compare these developmental, physiological, and behavioral differences from a genomic perspective, the availability of a reference genome for a Hoplonemertea species is crucial. Such data will be highly useful for future investigations toward a better understanding of molecular ecology, venom evolution, and regeneration not only in Nemertea but also in other marine invertebrate phyla. To this end, we herein present the annotated chromosome-level genome assembly for Emplectonema gracile (Nemertea; Hoplonemertea; Monostilifera; Emplectonematidae), an easily collected nemertean well suited for laboratory experimentation. The genome has an assembly size of 157.9 Mb. Hi-C scaffolding yielded chromosome-level scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 of 10.0 Mb and a score of 95.1% for complete BUSCO genes found as a single copy. Annotation predicted 20,684 protein-coding genes. The high-quality reference genome reaches an Earth BioGenome standard level of 7.C.Q50.
迄今为止,尚未获得纽形动物门中物种最丰富的类群——旋轮线形动物(Hoplonemertea)的基因组信息。而在旋轮线形动物的姊妹类群——多板盾皮动物(Pilidiophora)中,其物种具有担轮幼虫阶段,且吻触手无口针,而旋轮线形动物的物种具有原肠胚幼虫阶段,并装备有口针,用于向猎物注射毒素。为了从基因组的角度进一步比较这些发育、生理和行为差异,获得旋轮线形动物物种的参考基因组是至关重要的。这些数据对于未来的研究非常有用,有助于更好地了解分子生态学、毒液进化和再生,不仅在纽形动物中,而且在其他海洋无脊椎动物门中也是如此。为此,我们在此介绍了一种易于收集的旋轮形动物——秀丽真涡虫(Nemertea;旋轮线形动物;单殖动物门;真涡虫科)的染色体水平基因组组装,该物种具有染色体水平的基因组组装,大小为 157.9 Mb。Hi-C 支架产生了染色体水平的支架,支架 N50 为 10.0 Mb,完整 BUSCO 基因的得分达到 95.1%,这些基因作为单拷贝存在。注释预测了 20684 个蛋白质编码基因。高质量的参考基因组达到了地球生物基因组标准的 7.C.Q50 水平。