Kumar Ankit, Kant Surya, Niranjan Vijeta
Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND.
Pathology, T.S. Misra Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, IND.
Cureus. 2024 May 16;16(5):e60423. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60423. eCollection 2024 May.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a heterogeneous respiratory disease driven by various genetic and environmental factors, presents significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Traditional approaches focused on phenotypic classification, but recent paradigms emphasize identifying and addressing treatable traits to personalize treatment strategies. Treatable traits facilitate personalized interventions, optimizing symptom control, and reducing exacerbation risk. Dyspnea and exacerbations, recognized as key traits, guide treatment decisions and follow-up management. Various interventions, including bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and lifestyle modifications, target specific traits like airway inflammation, mucus overproduction, and emphysema. Strategies for assessing and addressing treatable traits during initial encounters and follow-up visits enhance disease monitoring and treatment efficacy. Comprehensive trait assessment demands resources and specialized monitoring, posing barriers to widespread implementation. The lack of standardized protocols and evolving evidence further complicates decision-making and clinical practice. Despite these challenges, the shift toward treatable traits-based management signifies a pivotal advancement in COPD care, emphasizing holistic approaches tailored to individual patient needs. Recognizing and addressing treatable traits offers personalized interventions, enhancing symptom control and disease management. Embracing treatable traits-based approaches holds promise for improving clinical outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for individuals living with COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种由多种遗传和环境因素驱动的异质性呼吸系统疾病,在诊断和管理方面面临重大挑战。传统方法侧重于表型分类,但最近的模式强调识别和解决可治疗特征,以实现治疗策略的个性化。可治疗特征有助于进行个性化干预,优化症状控制,并降低急性加重风险。呼吸困难和急性加重被认为是关键特征,可指导治疗决策和后续管理。包括支气管扩张剂、皮质类固醇和生活方式改变在内的各种干预措施,针对气道炎症、黏液过度产生和肺气肿等特定特征。在初次就诊和随访期间评估和解决可治疗特征的策略可加强疾病监测和治疗效果。全面的特征评估需要资源和专门的监测,这对广泛实施构成了障碍。缺乏标准化方案和不断变化的证据进一步使决策和临床实践复杂化。尽管存在这些挑战,但向基于可治疗特征的管理转变标志着COPD护理的关键进展,强调根据个体患者需求定制的整体方法。识别和解决可治疗特征可提供个性化干预措施,加强症状控制和疾病管理。采用基于可治疗特征的方法有望改善临床结局并提高COPD患者的生活质量。