抗体药物偶联物在乳腺癌早期治疗中的应用
Use of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in the Early Setting of Breast Cancer.
作者信息
Koukoutzeli Chrysanthi, Trapani Dario, Ascione Liliana, Kotteas Elias, Marra Antonio, Criscitiello Carmen, Curigliano Giuseppe
机构信息
Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
出版信息
Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2024 Jun 17;18:11795549241260418. doi: 10.1177/11795549241260418. eCollection 2024.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are anticancer agents with the capacity to selectively deliver their payloads to cancer cells. Antibody-drug conjugates consist of a monoclonal antibody backbone connected by a linker to cytotoxic payloads. Antibody-drug conjugate effect occurs either by directly targeting cancer cells via membrane antigen or through "bystander effect." Antibody-drug conjugates have demonstrated efficacy against various types of tumors, including breast cancer. Ado-trastuzumab emtansine is presently the only approved ADC for the treatment of breast cancer in the early setting, while several ADCs are now approved for metastatic breast cancer. Due to the transformative impact that several ADCs have reported in the setting of advanced breast cancer, researchers are now testing more of such compounds in the early setting, to portend benefits to patients through highly potent anticancer drugs. Ongoing trials hold the potential to transform treatment protocols for early breast cancer in the near future. These trials are aiming at evaluating different treatment modulation approaches, as informed by breast cancer risk of recurrence, including toward treatment de-escalation. Efforts are provided in ongoing clinical trials to identify the patients who will benefit most, to pursue paradigms of precision medicine with the novel ADCs. This review focuses on the potential role of ADCs in early breast cancer, providing an overview of the latest progress in their development and how they are implemented in ongoing clinical trials.
抗体药物偶联物(ADC)是一类抗癌药物,能够将其有效载荷选择性地递送至癌细胞。抗体药物偶联物由单克隆抗体主干和通过连接子连接的细胞毒性有效载荷组成。抗体药物偶联物的作用机制包括通过膜抗原直接靶向癌细胞或通过“旁观者效应”。抗体药物偶联物已证明对包括乳腺癌在内的多种类型肿瘤有效。ado曲妥珠单抗(ado-trastuzumab emtansine)是目前唯一获批用于早期乳腺癌治疗的ADC,而目前已有多种ADC获批用于转移性乳腺癌治疗。鉴于多种ADC在晚期乳腺癌治疗中已报道的变革性影响,研究人员目前正在早期乳腺癌治疗中对更多此类化合物进行试验,以期通过高效抗癌药物为患者带来益处。正在进行的试验有望在不久的将来改变早期乳腺癌的治疗方案。这些试验旨在评估不同的治疗调整方法,根据乳腺癌复发风险进行指导,包括朝着降低治疗强度的方向发展。正在进行的临床试验致力于确定最能从中获益的患者,以采用新型ADC推进精准医学模式。本综述重点关注ADC在早期乳腺癌中的潜在作用,概述其研发的最新进展以及它们在正在进行的临床试验中的应用情况。