Lakwo Thomson Luroni, Alinda Peter, Jada Stephen Raimon, Tionga Moses, Marcello Constantino Doggale Remijo, War Deng Gai Dual, Colebunders Robert
Ministry of Health, Vector Control Division, Kampala, Uganda.
Amref Health Africa, Juba, South Sudan.
Res Rep Trop Med. 2024 Jun 13;15:59-71. doi: 10.2147/RRTM.S464874. eCollection 2024.
Mvolo in Western Equatoria of South Sudan has been a hotspot for transmission since the 1940s. In Mvolo onchocerciasis is a disease of public health importance, associated with onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy including nodding syndrome.
We conducted an entomological study to map the breeding sites of blackflies (Simulium damnosum, sens lato) on the river Naam, to allow the removal of vegetation from vector breeding sites, the "slash and clear". Three blackfly catching sites were established along the river. Focus group discussions were also conducted to assess the willingness of the communities to support the "slash and clear" intervention and the semi-annual distribution of ivermectin.
A total of 2466 female s.l. were caught in 14×11h (06.00-15.00) catches. The highest biting density of 4210.25 flies/month/h and monthly biting rate (MBR) of 11,482.25 bites/man/month were observed in November 2023. Biting density and MBR reduced to zero in the intervention site by April 2024. While the mean parity rate was 31% (CI: 0.2976±0.9176). Two diurnal biting peaks were observed, one from 9:00-10:00 (at the bridge site) and a prominent one from 14:00-15:00 in the two catching sites in Mvolo. Along the river Naam, only one site was found productive for s.l.; and the larvae and adults were morphologically associated with the anthropophilic . The "slash and clear" intervention was implemented at Dogoyabolu along the river Naam. Communities expressed willingness to support a "slash and clear" intervention and the semi-annual distribution of ivermectin.
active breeding was identified along the river Naam in a stretch of 3-5 km close to human settlements. Highest blackfly biting density was 4210.25 flies/month/h, and two fly biting peaks were observed. A community "slash and clear" vector control was implemented, and will be prospectively monitored.
自20世纪40年代以来，南苏丹西赤道州的姆沃洛一直是疾病传播的热点地区。在姆沃洛，盘尾丝虫病是一种具有公共卫生重要性的疾病，与包括点头综合征在内的盘尾丝虫病相关癫痫有关。
我们开展了一项昆虫学研究，以绘制纳阿姆河上蚋（广义的恶蚋）的繁殖地点，以便清除媒介繁殖地点的植被，即“砍伐清理”。在河沿岸设立了三个蚋捕捉点。还进行了焦点小组讨论，以评估社区支持“砍伐清理”干预措施和每半年分发一次伊维菌素的意愿。
在14次11小时（06:00 - 15:00）的捕捉中，共捕获2466只广义的雌蚋。2023年11月观察到最高叮咬密度为4210.25只蚋/月/小时，每月叮咬率（MBR）为11482.25次叮咬/人/月。到2024年4月，干预点的叮咬密度和每月叮咬率降至零。平均产雌率为31%（置信区间：0.2976±0.9176）。观察到两个日间叮咬高峰，一个在9:00 - 10:00（在桥位点），在姆沃洛的两个捕捉点，一个显著高峰在14:00 - 15:00。在纳阿姆河沿岸，仅发现一个地点适合广义的蚋繁殖；幼虫和成虫在形态上与嗜人习性相关。“砍伐清理”干预措施在纳阿姆河沿岸的多戈亚博卢实施。社区表示愿意支持“砍伐清理”干预措施和每半年分发一次伊维菌素。
在靠近人类住区的纳阿姆河沿岸3 - 5公里的一段区域发现了活跃繁殖情况。最高蚋叮咬密度为4210.25只蚋/月/小时，观察到两个蚋叮咬高峰。实施了社区“砍伐清理”病媒控制措施，并将进行前瞻性监测。
