Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
Small. 2024 Nov;20(44):e2402434. doi: 10.1002/smll.202402434. Epub 2024 Jul 6.
Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by cells, which play a crucial role in various pathological processes. Exosomes have shown great promise as tumor biomarkers because of the abundant secretion during tumor formation. The development of a convenient, efficient, and cost-effective method for simultaneously enriching and detecting exosomes is of utmost importance for both basic research and clinical applications. In this study, an aptamer-functionalized magnetic TiC composite material (FeO@TiC@PEI@DSP@aptamer@FAM-ssDNA) is prepared for the simultaneous enrichment and detection of exosomes. CD63 aptamers are utilized to recognize and capture the exosomes, followed by magnetic separation. The exosomes are then released by cleaving the disulfide bonds of DSP. Compared to traditional methods, FeO@TiC@PEI@DSP@aptamer@FAM-ssDNA exhibited superior efficiency in enriching exosomes while preserving their structural and functional integrity. Detection of exosome concentration is achieved through the fluorescence quenching of TiC and the competitive binding between the exosomes and a fluorescently labeled probe. This method exhibited a low detection limit of 4.21 × 10 particles mL, a number that is comparable to the state-of-the-art method in the detection of exosomes. The present study demonstrates a method of simultaneous enrichment and detection of exosomes with a high sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, and cost-effectiveness providing significant potential for clinical research and diagnosis.
外泌体是细胞分泌的纳米囊泡，在各种病理过程中发挥着关键作用。由于在肿瘤形成过程中外泌体大量分泌，外泌体作为肿瘤标志物具有很大的应用前景。开发一种方便、高效且经济有效的方法，同时富集和检测外泌体，对于基础研究和临床应用都至关重要。在本研究中，制备了一种适体功能化的磁性 TiC 复合材料（FeO@TiC@PEI@DSP@aptamer@FAM-ssDNA），用于同时富集和检测外泌体。CD63 适体用于识别和捕获外泌体，然后通过磁分离进行富集。通过切割 DSP 的二硫键释放外泌体。与传统方法相比，FeO@TiC@PEI@DSP@aptamer@FAM-ssDNA 在富集外泌体的同时，能够更好地保持其结构和功能的完整性。通过 TiC 的荧光猝灭和外泌体与荧光标记探针之间的竞争结合来检测外泌体浓度。该方法的检测下限为 4.21×10 个颗粒/ml，与外泌体检测的最新方法相当。本研究提供了一种高灵敏度、准确性、特异性和经济有效的同时富集和检测外泌体的方法，为临床研究和诊断提供了重要的潜力。
