在莫伊教学和转诊医院肝脏诊所就诊的患者中 HBV 基因型的流行情况。
Prevalence of HBV genotypes among patients attending Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital liver clinic.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
Department of Laboratory Services, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 10;19(7):e0305753. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305753. eCollection 2024.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus, of Hepadnaviridae family, smallest human deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus with 3200 bp in a partially double-stranded circular DNA. Globally, about 2 billion people are infected with over 65 million of the chronically infected residing in Africa. Ten HBV genotypes (A-J) have been reported across the globe. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) African Regions including Kenya have high HBV prevalence rates yet the data on prevalence rates of the various HBV genotypes and their associated biomarkers is very scanty. A cross-sectional descriptive study with purposive sampling was conducted in which a census of patients with chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) with history >6-month were reviewed for eligibility. Demographics data was abstracted from patient files and blood samples drawn for genotyping, viral load using Rotor gene Q Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) equipment, Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HbeAg) and Hepatitis B core antibody (Anti-HBc) using Cobas e411 machine. Out of a total of 83 patients, 43 (52%) were eligible; males 29 (67.4%), females 14 (32.6%) with mean ages of 35.1±10.8 and 34.3±9.3 respectively. Genotypes A were 34(79.1%), B were 5(11.6%), C-D were 0 while E-J were 9(20.9%). All cases of genotype B were associated with co-infection of genotype A. Majority were HBeAg negative with HBV DNA >10 IU/ml (81.4% and 86.0% respectively) with distribution among all the genotypes. Across genotypes, viral load mean percentage comparisons were: A vs. A/B = 2600 (p = 0.09), A vs. E-J = 5260 (p = 0.09) and A/B vs. E-J = 200 (p = 0.28). The most prevalent genotype was A followed by mixed co-infection of genotype A/B. Genotype A was associated with HBV DNA viral loads > 10IU/ml and high rates of HBeAg negativity. Genotypes E-J were also detected though not characterized.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）属于正嗜肝 DNA 病毒科的嗜肝 DNA 病毒属，是最小的人类脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）病毒，其部分双链环状 DNA 长度为 3200 个碱基对。全球约有 20 亿人感染 HBV，其中 6500 多万人为慢性感染者，主要分布在非洲。目前已报道全球有 10 种 HBV 基因型（A-J）。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的划分，包括肯尼亚在内的非洲区域 HBV 流行率较高，但有关各种 HBV 基因型及其相关生物标志物的流行率数据非常有限。本研究采用横断面描述性研究设计，通过整群抽样对具有 6 个月以上慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）病史的患者进行研究对象入组，评估其纳入标准。从患者病历中提取人口统计学数据，并采集血液样本进行基因分型、病毒载量检测，采用 Rotor gene Q 聚合酶链反应（PCR）设备检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎 e 抗原（HBeAg）和乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc），检测仪器为 Cobas e411 机器。共纳入 83 例患者，其中 43 例（52%）符合条件；男性 29 例（67.4%），女性 14 例（32.6%），平均年龄分别为 35.1±10.8 岁和 34.3±9.3 岁。基因型 A 有 34 例（79.1%），基因型 B 有 5 例（11.6%），基因型 C-D 无，基因型 E-J 有 9 例（20.9%）。所有基因型 B 感染均与基因型 A 混合感染相关。大多数患者 HBeAg 阴性，HBV DNA >10 IU/ml（分别为 81.4%和 86.0%），所有基因型分布情况均如此。在所有基因型中，病毒载量的平均百分比比较为：A 与 A/B 为 2600（p=0.09），A 与 E-J 为 5260（p=0.09），A/B 与 E-J 为 200（p=0.28）。最常见的基因型是 A，其次是基因型 A/B 的混合感染。基因型 A 与 HBV DNA 病毒载量>10IU/ml 和高比例的 HBeAg 阴性相关。虽然也检测到了基因型 E-J，但未对其进行特征分析。
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