Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
Laboratory of Experimental Anticancer Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 11;14(1):16016. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65455-w.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents aggressive phenotype with limited treatment options due to the lack of drug targets. Natural compounds are extensively studied regarding their potential to alter the efficacy of cancer treatment Among them sulforaphane - an isothiocyanate of natural origin, was shown to be a hormetic compound, that may exert divergent effects: cytoprotective or cytotoxic depending on its concentrations. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of its low, dietary concentrations on the proliferation and migration of the TNBC cells in the in vivo and in vitro 2D and 3D model. Results of the in vivo experiment showed up to 31% tumor growth inhibition after sulforaphane treatment associated with lowered proliferating potential of cancer cells, reduced areas of necrosis, and changed immune cell type infiltration, showing less malignant type of tumor in contrast to the non-treated group. Also, the study revealed that sulforaphane decreased the number of lung metastases. The in vitro study confirmed that SFN inhibited cell migration, but only in cells derived from 3D spheroids, not from 2D in vitro cultures. The results show a specific role of sulforaphane in the case of cells released from the TNBC primary tumor and its environment.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）表现出侵袭性表型，由于缺乏药物靶点，治疗选择有限。天然化合物因其改变癌症治疗效果的潜力而受到广泛研究。其中，萝卜硫素——一种天然存在的异硫氰酸盐，被证明是一种有益化合物，可能发挥不同的作用：取决于其浓度，具有细胞保护或细胞毒性。因此，本研究旨在确定其低膳食浓度对体内和体外 2D 和 3D 模型中 TNBC 细胞增殖和迁移的影响。体内实验结果表明，萝卜硫素处理后肿瘤生长抑制率高达 31%，同时降低了癌细胞的增殖潜力，减少了坏死面积，并改变了免疫细胞浸润类型，与未治疗组相比，肿瘤呈现出较少的恶性类型。此外，该研究还表明，萝卜硫素可减少肺转移的数量。体外研究证实，SFN 抑制细胞迁移，但仅在源自 3D 球体的细胞中，而不在 2D 体外培养物中。这些结果表明萝卜硫素在从 TNBC 原发性肿瘤及其环境中释放的细胞中具有特定的作用。
