Gu Dandan, Li Xiao, Dong Mingyue, Ji Wenxuan, Yan Zihao, Zhao Ting, Zhang Min, Liu Peng, Yue Panpan, Mao Guanghua, Yang Liuqing
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Foods. 2024 Jun 21;13(13):1961. doi: 10.3390/foods13131961.
Snake gourd is a seasonal vegetable with a high water content and medicinal value, but the short harvest period limits the large-scale application of snake gourd. Therefore, the effects of freeze-thaw pretreatment (FT) combined with hot air (HD) on the drying characteristics, active ingredients and bioactivities of snake gourd were investigated. The results showed that FT pretreatment reduced browning and shortened the drying time by 44%; the Page model was the best fit for describing the drying process. The polysaccharide contents (21.70% in alcoholic extract (TG1) and 44.34% in water extract (TG2)) and total phenol contents (1.81% in TG1 and 0.88% in TG2) of snake gourd pretreated by FT-HD were higher than those of snake gourd pretreated by the corresponding HD treatment. The FT pretreatment decreased the molecular weight of snake gourd polysaccharides and increased the molar ratio of glucose. The extracts pretreated by FT-HD showed greater chemical, cellular antioxidant capacity and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition than those pretreated by HD. FT-HD can be recommended for achieving a short drying time and high quality of snake gourd and can be used for the drying of other fruits and vegetables.
蛇瓜是一种含水量高且具有药用价值的季节性蔬菜，但收获期短限制了蛇瓜的大规模应用。因此，研究了冻融预处理（FT）结合热风（HD）对蛇瓜干燥特性、活性成分和生物活性的影响。结果表明，FT预处理减少了褐变，干燥时间缩短了44%；Page模型最适合描述干燥过程。经FT-HD预处理的蛇瓜的多糖含量（乙醇提取物（TG1）中为21.70%，水提取物（TG2）中为44.34%）和总酚含量（TG1中为1.81%，TG2中为0.88%）高于相应HD处理预处理的蛇瓜。FT预处理降低了蛇瓜多糖的分子量，增加了葡萄糖的摩尔比。经FT-HD预处理的提取物比经HD预处理的提取物表现出更强的化学、细胞抗氧化能力以及α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。FT-HD可推荐用于实现蛇瓜的短干燥时间和高质量，并且可用于其他水果和蔬菜的干燥。
