Yang Heng, Chen Lixia, Ye Danjuan, Wu Ying, Zhang Huafang
Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Jul 8;17:3141-3153. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S469086. eCollection 2024.
The objective of this study was to investigate latent classes of oral health and the factors associated with them in acutely admitted elderly inpatients.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using purposive sampling to survey Chinese older-adult acutely inpatients. Data was collected utilizing several instruments, including a general information questionnaire, Brief Oral Health Status Examination (BOHSE), Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), and Frailty Screening Questionnaire (FSQ). Latent class analysis was applied to identify distinct categories of oral health among elderly inpatients, and multinomial logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors associated with different oral health categories.
In this study, a total of 504 elderly patients were ultimately included, leading to the identification of three latent classes of oral health: "oral health-low level group (41.27%)", "oral health-moderate level group (25.4%)", and "oral health-high level group (33.33%)". The findings revealed that patients with advanced age, elevated neutrophil percentage, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) values were more likely to be classified in the low oral health group. Additionally, individuals experiencing malnutrition and frailty had a higher risk of falling into the low oral health category. Those with comorbidities and oral frailty were more prevalent in the moderate oral health group. At the same time, elderly patients with higher BMI (22.95±3.043) ratios were more likely to be categorized in the high oral health group.
This study sheds light on three distinct latent classes of oral health among acutely admitted elderly inpatients. These findings underscore the importance of healthcare professionals focusing on the assessment and health education of elderly patients' oral health. Furthermore, personalized interventions should be developed to promote healthy aging, with particularly attention to enhancing oral health outcomes in this population.
本研究的目的是调查急性入院老年住院患者口腔健康的潜在类别及其相关因素。
采用目的抽样法进行横断面研究，对中国老年急性住院患者进行调查。使用多种工具收集数据，包括一般信息问卷、简短口腔健康状况检查（BOHSE）、口腔衰弱指数-8（OFI-8）、微型营养评定简表（MNA-SF）和衰弱筛查问卷（FSQ）。应用潜在类别分析确定老年住院患者口腔健康的不同类别，并采用多项逻辑回归分析与不同口腔健康类别相关的因素。
本研究最终纳入504例老年患者，确定了三个口腔健康潜在类别：“口腔健康低水平组（41.27%）”、“口腔健康中等水平组（25.4%）”和“口腔健康高水平组（33.33%）”。研究结果显示，年龄较大、中性粒细胞百分比升高和C反应蛋白（CRP）值较高的患者更有可能被归类为口腔健康低水平组。此外，营养不良和衰弱的个体陷入口腔健康低水平类别的风险更高。合并症和口腔衰弱的患者在口腔健康中等水平组中更为普遍。同时，体重指数（BMI）较高（22.95±3.043）的老年患者更有可能被归类为口腔健康高水平组。
本研究揭示了急性入院老年住院患者口腔健康的三个不同潜在类别。这些发现强调了医疗保健专业人员关注老年患者口腔健康评估和健康教育的重要性。此外，应制定个性化干预措施以促进健康老龄化，尤其要关注改善该人群的口腔健康状况。
