Li Jieling, Liu Yafang, Xue Shuangpeng, Tian Bao
School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 1;15:1347561. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347561. eCollection 2024.
Athletes' mind wandering during competition has positive and negative effects. The purpose of this study was to explore the reason for these bidirectional effects.
We recruited 51 athletes from China to take part in semi-structured interviews in which we explored their experiences of mind wandering in competition. We used grounded theory combined with systems thinking to complete the data analysis and theoretical construction.
Results showed that the influence of mind wandering on sporting performance was dynamically influenced by "mind wandering source," "competition anxiety," "content of mind wandering," "attentional resources" and "attentional control," resulting in our development of the theory of "mind wandering in sporting performance (MWSP)." The above factors determine how mind wandering occurs and how it affects the competition.
Although the occurrence of mind wandering during competition has positive effects, its negative effects cannot be ignored, which may lead to athletes losing the race (costs over benefits). Potential strategies focusing on the mitigation of negative effects and promotion of positive effects of mind wandering are discussed.
运动员在比赛过程中的注意力分散具有积极和消极影响。本研究旨在探究这些双向影响产生的原因。
我们招募了51名中国运动员参与半结构化访谈，探讨他们在比赛中注意力分散的经历。我们运用扎根理论并结合系统思维来完成数据分析和理论构建。
结果表明，注意力分散对运动表现的影响受到“注意力分散源”“比赛焦虑”“注意力分散内容”“注意力资源”和“注意力控制”的动态影响，由此我们构建了“运动表现中的注意力分散（MWSP）”理论。上述因素决定了注意力分散如何发生以及如何影响比赛。
尽管比赛中注意力分散的出现具有积极影响，但其消极影响也不容忽视，这可能导致运动员输掉比赛（弊大于利）。文中讨论了专注于减轻注意力分散的负面影响并促进其积极影响的潜在策略。
