Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of Environment and Safety Engineering & School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
Weed Research Laboratory, College of life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Ecotoxicology. 2024 Oct;33(8):893-904. doi: 10.1007/s10646-024-02788-2. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
The majority of allelopathic studies on invasive plants have focused primarily on their leaf-mediated allelopathy, with relatively little attention paid to their root-mediated allelopathy, especially co-allelopathy mediated by both leaves and roots. It is conceivable that the diversified composition of acid rain may influence the allelopathy of invasive plants. This study aimed to evaluate the leaf and root-mediated co-allelopathy of the invasive plant Solidago canadensis L. under acid rain with different nitrogen-sulfur ratios (N/S) on Lactuca sativa L. via a hydroponic incubation. The root-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis was found to be more pronounced than the leaf-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis with nitric acid at pH 4.5, but the leaf-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis was observed to be more pronounced than the root-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis with sulfuric-rich acid at pH 4.5. The leaf and root-mediated co-allelopathy of S. canadensis was more pronounced than that of either part alone with sulfuric acid at pH 5.6 and nitric acid at pH 4.5, but not with nitric-rich acid at pH 4.5 and sulfuric-rich acid at pH 4.5. Sulfuric acid and sulfuric-rich acid with stronger acidity intensified the leaf-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis. Nitric acid and nitric-rich acid attenuated the leaf-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis, and most types of acid rain (especially nitric acid and nitric-rich acid) also attenuated the root-mediated allelopathy of S. canadensis and the leaf and root-mediated co-allelopathy of S. canadensis. Sulfuric acid and sulfuric-rich acid produced a more pronounced effect than nitric acid and nitric-rich acid. Hence, the N/S ratio of acid rain influenced the allelopathy of S. canadensis under acid rain with multiple N/S ratios.
大多数关于入侵植物的化感作用研究主要集中在叶片介导的化感作用上，而对其根部介导的化感作用关注较少，特别是叶片和根部共同介导的共化感作用关注较少。可以想象，多样化的酸雨成分可能会影响入侵植物的化感作用。本研究通过水培培养，评估了不同氮硫比（N/S）下酸雨对入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花叶片和根系介导的共化感作用。结果表明，在 pH 值为 4.5 的硝酸条件下，加拿大一枝黄花的根部介导的化感作用比叶片介导的化感作用更为明显，而在 pH 值为 4.5 的富硫条件下，加拿大一枝黄花的叶片介导的化感作用比根部介导的化感作用更为明显。在 pH 值为 5.6 的硫酸和 pH 值为 4.5 的硝酸条件下，加拿大一枝黄花的叶片和根部介导的共化感作用比单独叶片或单独根部的化感作用更为明显，但在 pH 值为 4.5 的富氮和富硫条件下，情况并非如此。酸度更强的硫酸和富硫酸增强了加拿大一枝黄花的叶片介导的化感作用。硝酸和富氮酸削弱了加拿大一枝黄花的叶片介导的化感作用，而且大多数类型的酸雨（尤其是硝酸和富氮酸）也削弱了加拿大一枝黄花的根部介导的化感作用和叶片及根部介导的共化感作用。硫酸和富硫酸的作用比硝酸和富氮酸更为明显。因此，酸雨的 N/S 比影响了不同 N/S 比下酸雨对加拿大一枝黄花的化感作用。
