Jeong Min Young, Ho Myoung Jin, Park Joon Soo, Jeong Hoetaek, Kim Jin Hee, Jang Yong Jin, Shin Doe Myung, Yang In Gyu, Kim Hye Rim, Song Woo Heon, Lee Sangkil, Song Seh Hyon, Choi Yong Seok, Han Young Taek, Kang Myung Joo
College of Pharmacy, Dankook University Cheonan Chungnam Republic of Korea.
College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea.
Bioeng Transl Med. 2024 Jan 29;9(4):e10649. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10649. eCollection 2024 Jul.
In order to ensure prolonged pharmacokinetic profile along with local tolerability at the injection site, tricaprylin-based drug crystalline suspension (TS) was designed and its local distribution, pharmacokinetics, and inflammatory response, were evaluated with conventional aqueous suspension (AS). As model drug particles, entecavir 3-palmitate (EV-P), an ester lipidic prodrug for entecavir (EV), was employed. The EV-P-loaded TS was prepared by ultra-sonication method. Prepared TS and conventional AS exhibited comparable morphology (rod or rectangular), median diameter (2.7 and 2.6 μm), crystallinity (melting point of 160-165°C), and in vitro dissolution profile. However, in vivo performances of drug microparticles were markedly different, depending on delivery vehicle. At AS-injected site, drug aggregates of up to 500 μm were formed upon intramuscular injection, and were surrounded with inflammatory cells and fibroblastic bands. In contrast, no distinct particle aggregation and adjacent granulation was observed at TS-injected site, with >4 weeks remaining of the oily vehicle in micro-computed tomographic observation. Surprisingly, TS exhibited markedly alleviated local inflammation compared to AS, endowing markedly lessened necrosis, fibrosis thickness, inflammatory area, and macrophage infiltration. The higher initial systemic exposure was observed with TS compared to AS, but TS provided prolonged delivery of EV for 3 weeks. Therefore, we suggest that the novel TS system can be a promising tool in designing parenteral long-acting delivery, with improved local tolerability.
为确保药物具有较长的药代动力学特征以及注射部位的局部耐受性,设计了基于三辛酸甘油酯的药物结晶混悬液(TS),并与传统的水性混悬液(AS)比较评估了其局部分布、药代动力学和炎症反应。采用恩替卡韦3-棕榈酸酯(EV-P)作为模型药物颗粒,其为恩替卡韦(EV)的酯类脂质前药。通过超声法制备了载有EV-P的TS。制备的TS和传统的AS具有相似的形态(棒状或矩形)、中位直径(2.7和2.6μm)、结晶度(熔点为160-165°C)和体外溶出曲线。然而,药物微粒的体内性能因给药载体而异。在AS注射部位,肌肉注射后形成了直径达500μm的药物聚集体,并被炎症细胞和成纤维细胞带包围。相比之下,在TS注射部位未观察到明显的颗粒聚集和相邻肉芽组织形成,在微型计算机断层扫描观察中油性载体保留超过4周。令人惊讶的是,与AS相比,TS表现出明显减轻的局部炎症,坏死、纤维化厚度明显减轻,炎症面积和巨噬细胞浸润减少。与AS相比,TS观察到更高的初始全身暴露,但TS使EV的递送延长了3周。因此,我们认为新型TS系统可能是设计肠胃外长效递送的一种有前景的工具,具有改善的局部耐受性。
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