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通过调节分子内力实现一种罕见四边形管的自组装。

Self-Assembly of an Unlikely Occurring Quadrangular Tube by Modulating Intramolecular Forces.

作者信息

Ge Chenqi, Cao Ze, Feng Tinglong, Wu Yating, Xiao Mingrui, Tang Hua, Wang Kun, Wang Linjun, Li Hao

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Excited-State Energy Conversion and Energy Storage, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

出版信息

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Nov 4;63(45):e202411401. doi: 10.1002/anie.202411401. Epub 2024 Sep 12.

Abstract

One of the central focuses in self-assembly is precisely controlling the self-assembly pathway so that the target molecules can be produced exclusively. Trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine contains two amino units that form a 60° angle when projected on a plane. This angle naturally favors the formation of triangular products in most cases when trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine is used as a bisamino building block in the synthesis of macrocycles and tubes. Here, we synthesized a slightly bent tetraformyl precursor bearing a central dibenzothiophene moiety, whose 3,7-positions are functionalized with two m-phthalaldehyde units. We observed that combining this tetraformyl building block with trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine yielded a quadrangular tube when the concentrations of the precursors were relatively high. Both experimental measurements and theoretical calculations indicate that the formation of this unlikely occurring quadrangular product was driven by the intramolecular C-H⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the dibenzothiophene building blocks within the tube framework. This driving force, however, was disturbed in the triangular tube, a smaller counterpart whose formation was considered previously much more thermodynamically favored. These results improved our fundamental understanding on how to create those products whose syntheses are considered difficult or impossible, by modulating the intramolecular driving forces.

摘要

自组装的核心关注点之一是精确控制自组装途径,以便能够专门生产目标分子。反式-1,2-环己二胺含有两个氨基单元,当投影在平面上时形成60°角。在大多数情况下,当反式-1,2-环己二胺用作大环和管合成中的双氨基构建块时,这个角度自然有利于三角形产物的形成。在此,我们合成了一种带有中心二苯并噻吩部分的略微弯曲的四甲酰基前体,其3,7-位用两个间苯二甲醛单元进行了功能化。我们观察到,当前体浓度相对较高时,将这种四甲酰基构建块与反式-1,2-环己二胺结合会产生四边形管。实验测量和理论计算均表明,这种不太可能出现的四边形产物的形成是由管框架内二苯并噻吩构建块之间的分子内C-H⋅⋅⋅π相互作用驱动的。然而,在三角形管中这种驱动力受到了干扰,三角形管是一种较小的对应物,其形成以前被认为在热力学上更有利。这些结果增进了我们对如何通过调节分子内驱动力来创造那些被认为难以或不可能合成的产物的基本理解。

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