Wang Chao, Liu Daiyuan, Wei Guohui, Huang Jinshu, An Zhengce, Xu Xuhui, Zhou Bo
State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 51064, China.
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan Joint International Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
Nano Lett. 2024 Aug 7;24(31):9691-9699. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02468. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
Multimodal luminescent materials hold great promise in a diversity of frontier applications. However, achieving the multimodal responsive luminescence at the single nanoparticle level, especially besides light stimuli, has remained a challenge. Here, we report a conceptual model to realize multimodal luminescence by constructing both mechanoluminescence and photoluminescence in a single nanoparticle. We show that the lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles are able to produce excellent mechanoluminescence through X-ray irradiation, and color-tunable mechanoluminescence becomes available by selecting suitable lanthanide emitters in a core-shell-shell structure. Furthermore, the design of a multilayer core-shell nanostructure enables multimodal emissions including radioluminescence, persistent luminescence, mechanoluminescence, upconversion, downshifting, and thermal-stimulated luminescence simultaneously in a single nanoparticle under multichannel excitation and stimuli. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of X-ray induced mechanoluminescence in nanocrystals and contribute to the development of smart luminescent materials toward X-ray imaging encryption, stress sensing, and anticounterfeiting.
多模态发光材料在众多前沿应用中具有巨大潜力。然而，在单个纳米粒子水平上实现多模态响应发光，尤其是除光刺激之外的多模态响应发光，仍然是一项挑战。在此，我们报告一种概念模型，通过在单个纳米粒子中构建力致发光和光致发光来实现多模态发光。我们表明，镧系掺杂氟化物纳米粒子能够通过X射线辐照产生优异的力致发光，并且通过在核壳壳结构中选择合适的镧系发光体可实现颜色可调的力致发光。此外，多层核壳纳米结构的设计能够在多通道激发和刺激下，使单个纳米粒子同时实现包括辐射发光、长余辉发光、力致发光、上转换、下转换以及热刺激发光在内的多模态发射。这些结果为纳米晶体中X射线诱导力致发光的机制提供了新见解，并有助于开发用于X射线成像加密、应力传感和防伪的智能发光材料。
