Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Sep;164:105815. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105815. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Exposure to environmental pollutants, such as metals, pesticides, and air pollutants during early life, is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our systematic review aimed to select and summarize more recent case-control studies that examined the association between prenatal and early postnatal exposure to environmental pollutants and NDDs. We searched five databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid), screened 2261 records, and included 24 eligible case-control studies. Meta-analyses were conducted on subgroups of at least three studies that shared both the outcome and the exposure. A noteworthy discovery from this literature review is the existence of non-linear or non-monotonic dose-response relationships between the exposure to certain metals and the risk of ASD. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between exposure to particular matter (PM) during the first year of life and the risk of ASD. Overall, studies included in our systematic review indicate that exposure to several pollutants within the first three years of life was significantly associated with the risk of NDDs.
暴露于环境污染物，如金属、农药和空气污染物，在生命早期是神经发育障碍（NDD）的一个风险因素，包括自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。我们的系统综述旨在选择和总结更多最近的病例对照研究，这些研究检查了产前和新生儿早期暴露于环境污染物与 NDD 之间的关联。我们搜索了五个数据库（Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Ovid），筛选了 2261 条记录，并纳入了 24 项符合条件的病例对照研究。对至少有三个共享结果和暴露的研究亚组进行了荟萃分析。从文献综述中一个值得注意的发现是，某些金属暴露与 ASD 风险之间存在非线性或非单调剂量反应关系。荟萃分析显示，生命的第一年接触特定物质（PM）与 ASD 风险之间存在显著关联。总体而言，我们的系统综述中纳入的研究表明，生命的头三年内暴露于几种污染物与 NDD 风险显著相关。
