阿拉贡在推荐健康资产（社会处方）方面的性别差异。

Sex differences in formal recommendation of assets for health (social prescribing) in Aragon.

机构信息

Centro de Salud Almozara, Sector Zaragoza II, Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Zaragoza, Spain.

Grupo GIIS011, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 25;24(1):1992. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19497-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-19497-4

PMID:39054492

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11270816/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In primary health care, social prescribing is an important tool which is gaining popularity. It is being studied significantly, however there is not enough evidence about different related issues. The aim of this study is to analyse the differences by sex in the application of a social prescription protocol in Primary Care.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional study carried out with data from the Electronic Health Record between September 2018 and March 2021. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses of data from 2,109 records of Social Prescription protocol in primary health care centers located in Aragón in northern Spain (Europe) were performed using Jamovi Statistics software (version 2.3.28). The comparisons by sex were carried out using a Mann-Whitney U or chi-squared test to analyse differences.

RESULTS

The protocol was used correctly 1,482 times, where it was applied more in females (74.8% female vs. 25.2% male). The median age in females was higher than males (female 72 vs. males 70; p = 0.003). There were significant differences by sex in several aspects to strengthen with the social prescribing, physical, emotional and relational skills. Most females and males regularly attended the recommended asset and there were significant differences in the group that never attended. Mean satisfaction was statistically different, with 4.74 points out of 5 for females and 4.86/5 for males (p = 0.010). It can be observed that older females in rural areas (OR = 34.15), whose social prescription acts on Emotional Skills and Relational and Social Skills (OR = 6.10-8.23), with good prior self-care and greater participant satisfaction (OR = 8.96), have greater chance of improving their health.

CONCLUSIONS

Some results showed sex differences in the use and outcomes of formal asset recommendation. However, further research is needed to assess the relationship between social prescription, sex and gender and their implications.

摘要

背景

在初级保健中，社会处方是一种越来越受欢迎的重要工具。虽然它正在被广泛研究，但关于不同相关问题的证据还不够充分。本研究的目的是分析初级保健中社会处方协议应用中性别差异。

方法

这是一项横断面研究，使用了 2018 年 9 月至 2021 年 3 月间西班牙北部阿拉贡地区初级保健中心电子健康记录中的数据。使用 Jamovi 统计软件（版本 2.3.28）对来自 2109 例社会处方协议的数据进行描述性、双变量和多变量分析。通过 Mann-Whitney U 或卡方检验对性别差异进行比较。

结果

该协议正确使用了 1482 次，其中女性应用更为广泛（女性占 74.8%，男性占 25.2%）。女性的中位年龄高于男性（女性 72 岁，男性 70 岁；p=0.003）。在加强社会处方的身体、情感和关系技能方面，性别存在显著差异。大多数女性和男性定期参加推荐的资产活动，而从不参加的人存在显著差异。女性的平均满意度明显不同，得分为 4.74 分（满分 5 分），而男性为 4.86/5 分（p=0.010）。可以观察到，农村地区年龄较大的女性（OR=34.15），其社会处方作用于情感技能和关系与社会技能（OR=6.10-8.23），自我保健较好，参与者满意度较高（OR=8.96），改善健康的可能性更大。