Wang Jinxian, Wu Jian, Ma Yuanyuan, Zhang Yingkun, Guo Siyuan, Wang Tianyi
School of Sport and Physical Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China.
Appl Neuropsychol Child. 2024 Jul 29:1-10. doi: 10.1080/21622965.2024.2383248.
To explore the relationship between physical fitness index and executive function in Chinese adolescents, and to provide a reference for improving the development of executive function in Chinese adolescents.
From September to December 2023, 5336 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were selected by stratified whole cluster random sampling method in six regions of China for physical fitness and executive function tests. The relationship between adolescent physical fitness index and executive function was analyzed using -test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and logistic regression.
The correlation coefficients between adolescents' physical fitness index and inhibitory control reaction time were all 0.00094, > 0.05; the correlation coefficients between adolescents' physical fitness index and working memory (1-back, 2-back) reaction time were -0.13 and -0.093, respectively, < .05; the correlation coefficients between adolescents' physical fitness index and cognitive flexibility reaction time were -0.17 and -0.18, < .05. Logistic regression analyses showed that 1-back, 2-back, and cognitive flexibility were significantly and positively correlated with physical fitness index in Models 1, 2, and 3 (all values less than.01). The coefficients of inhibitory control were not significant in all three models ( > .05), and there was no significant relationship with physical fitness index.
The physical fitness index of Chinese adolescents has a significant positive correlation with working memory and cognitive flexibility, but not with inhibitory control, i.e. the higher the physical fitness index, the better the working memory and cognitive flexibility.
探讨中国青少年身体素质指数与执行功能之间的关系，为促进中国青少年执行功能的发展提供参考。
2023年9月至12月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法，在中国六个地区选取5336名13至18岁的青少年进行身体素质和执行功能测试。采用t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关性分析和逻辑回归分析青少年身体素质指数与执行功能之间的关系。
青少年身体素质指数与抑制控制反应时间的相关系数均为0.00094，P>0.05；青少年身体素质指数与工作记忆（1-back、2-back）反应时间的相关系数分别为-0.13和-0.093，P<0.05；青少年身体素质指数与认知灵活性反应时间的相关系数分别为-0.17和-0.18，P<0.05。逻辑回归分析显示，在模型1、2和3中，1-back、2-back和认知灵活性与身体素质指数均呈显著正相关（所有P值均小于0.01）。抑制控制在所有三个模型中的系数均不显著（P>0.05），与身体素质指数无显著关系。
中国青少年身体素质指数与工作记忆和认知灵活性呈显著正相关，但与抑制控制无关，即身体素质指数越高，工作记忆和认知灵活性越好。
