Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2024 Jul 30;28(8):456. doi: 10.1007/s00784-024-05846-5.
Objective of this study was to describe orthodontic findings in adults with Down's syndrome, a matter insufficiently regarded in literature.
A group of 104 adults (33.8 ± 15 years) with trisomy 21 had an orthodontic check-up in their accustomed environment. Anamnestic and dental findings completed the examination and descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS23. Relative frequencies with 95% confidence intervals were compared to the average population (SHIP-study, 2003; DMS IV, 2006).
Among the participants 46.2% (36.3-56.2%) (SHIP 36.7%) had already undergone orthodontic treatment. In 87.5% (79.6-93%) of the patients, less than 25.6 properly functioning permanent teeth (DMS IV's mean) were found. Gingival bleeding and recessions, as well as periodontal disease, were increasingly found in older affected persons. Patients with Down's syndrome showed less crowding, e.g., maxillary incisors 28% (19.3-39%) versus 41.9% (SHIP). Frontal open bite (35.2% (25.3-46.1%) versus 3.6% (SHIP)) and frontal crossbite (40.9% (30.5-51.9%) versus 4.2% (SHIP)) were more often observed. No considerable differences in frequencies of orthodontic findings were detected in the comparison of the subgroups "18-28 years" versus ">28 years", "with" versus "without orthodontic treatment", "male" versus "female", "with" versus "without periodontal problems", or "with" versus "without orofacial disturbances".
Within the bounds of this study, we gathered orthodontic findings in adults with trisomy 21 for the first time. In comparison to the average population, the subject group showed a greater number of complex orthodontic findings.
These persisting dental and orofacial problems must be considered when treating patients with Down's syndrome.
本研究旨在描述唐氏综合征成人的正畸情况，这在文献中未得到充分关注。
一组 104 名 21 三体成人（33.8±15 岁）在其熟悉的环境中接受正畸检查。病史和口腔检查完成了检查，使用 SPSS23 进行了描述性分析。相对频率（95%置信区间）与平均人群（SHIP 研究，2003 年；DMS IV，2006 年）进行了比较。
在参与者中，46.2%（36.3-56.2%）（SHIP 为 36.7%）已经接受过正畸治疗。在 87.5%（79.6-93%）的患者中，发现少于 25.6 颗功能正常的恒牙（DMS IV 的平均值）。牙龈出血和退缩以及牙周病在年龄较大的受影响者中越来越常见。唐氏综合征患者的拥挤程度较低，例如上颌切牙为 28%（19.3-39%），而 SHIP 为 41.9%。前牙开颌（35.2%（25.3-46.1%）与 SHIP 的 3.6%）和前牙反颌（40.9%（30.5-51.9%）与 SHIP 的 4.2%）更为常见。在“18-28 岁”与“>28 岁”、“有”与“无正畸治疗”、“男”与“女”、“有”与“无牙周问题”或“有”与“无口腔颌面部问题”的亚组比较中，正畸发现的频率没有明显差异。
在本研究范围内，我们首次收集了 21 三体成人的正畸发现。与普通人群相比，该受试组表现出更多复杂的正畸发现。
在治疗唐氏综合征患者时，必须考虑到这些持续存在的牙齿和口腔颌面部问题。
