Kim Cheol-Min, Lee Jong-Bin, Um Heung-Sik, Lee Jae-Kwan
Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, South Korea.
J Periodontol. 2025 Feb;96(2):140-150. doi: 10.1002/JPER.24-0198. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Re-implantation of failed implants is common to maintain the original prosthetic plan; however, it may not always be ideal due to various factors. Few studies have thoroughly investigated the outcomes of re-implanted implants, while considering factors that can enhance their survival rates. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors that may contribute to the refailure of implants placed the second time by analyzing previously failed implants and evaluating their survival.
Of 10,666 dental implants placed in 4063 patients at the Department of Periodontics of the Gangneung-Wonju National University Dental Hospital between December 1999 and March 2021, 259 failed implants in 170 patients were evaluated through clinical and radiographic records for patient-, surgical-, implant-, and prosthesis-related factors; survival analysis was conducted for implants that met the inclusion criteria.
Of the 259 failed implants, 80 second-time-placed implants met the inclusion criteria. Survival analysis showed that the 1-year survival rate of second-time-placed implants was 88.1%. Smoking (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.066, p = 0.081), implant surface (HR = 18.776, p < 0.01), and timing of reimplantation (HR = 0.086, p < 0.01) were identified as risk factors influencing the refailure of second-time-placed implants.
The survival rate of second-time-placed implants was lower than that of first-time-placed implants. The risk factors for second-time-placed implant failure were smoking, implant surface, and timing of reimplantation. To prevent further failure, previous failure factors should be analyzed and modifiable risk factors must be controlled before reimplantation.
重新植入失败的种植体以维持原有的修复计划很常见；然而，由于各种因素，这并不总是理想的。很少有研究在考虑可提高种植体存活率的因素的同时，全面调查重新植入种植体的结果。因此，本研究旨在通过分析先前失败的种植体并评估其存活率，确定可能导致二次植入种植体再次失败的风险因素。
在1999年12月至2021年3月期间，江原道原州国立大学牙科学院牙周病科为4063名患者植入了10666颗牙种植体，其中170名患者的259颗失败种植体通过临床和影像学记录评估了与患者、手术、种植体和修复体相关的因素；对符合纳入标准的种植体进行了生存分析。
在259颗失败的种植体中，80颗二次植入的种植体符合纳入标准。生存分析显示，二次植入种植体的1年存活率为88.1%。吸烟（风险比[HR]=5.066，p=0.081）、种植体表面（HR=18.776，p<0.01）和重新植入时间（HR=0.086，p<0.01）被确定为影响二次植入种植体再次失败的风险因素。
二次植入种植体的存活率低于首次植入种植体。二次植入种植体失败的风险因素是吸烟、种植体表面和重新植入时间。为防止进一步失败，应在重新植入前分析先前的失败因素并控制可改变的风险因素。
