Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 1;949:175162. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175162. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Improper disposal of organic solid waste results in serious environmental pollution. Aerobic composting provides an environmentally friendly treatment method, but improving humification of raw materials remains a challenge. This study revealed the effect of different concentrations of potassium persulfate (PP) on humification of chicken manure and straw aerobic composting and the underlying microbial mechanisms. The results showed that when 0.6 % PP was added (PPH group), humus and the degree of polymerization were 80.77 mg/g and 2.52, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in 0.3 % PP (PPL group). As the concentration of PP was increased, the composition of rare taxa (RT) changed and improved in evenness, while abundant taxa (AT) was unaffected. Additionally, the density (0.037), edges (3278), and average degree (15.21) in the co-occurrence network decreased compared to PPL, while the average path (4.021) and modularity increased in PPH. This resulted in facilitating the turnover of matter, information, and energy among the microbes. Interestingly, cooperative behavior between microorganisms during the maturation period (24-60 d) occurred in PPH, but competitive relationships dominated in PPL. Cooperative behavior was positively correlated with humus (p < 0.05). Because the indices, such as higher degree, betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality, and closeness centrality of the AT, were located in the microbial network center compared to RT, they were unaffected by the concentration of PP. The abundance of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolic pathways, which play an important role in humification, were higher in PPH. These findings contribute to understanding the relative importance of composition, interactions, and metabolic functionality of RT and AT on humification during chicken manure and straw aerobic composting under different concentrations of PP, as well as provide a basic reference for use of various conditioning agents to promote humification of organic solid waste.
有机固体废物处置不当会导致严重的环境污染。好氧堆肥提供了一种环保的处理方法，但提高原料的腐殖化程度仍然是一个挑战。本研究揭示了不同浓度过硫酸钾（PP）对鸡粪和秸秆好氧堆肥腐殖化的影响及潜在的微生物机制。结果表明，当添加 0.6%过硫酸钾（PPH 组）时，腐殖质和聚合度分别为 80.77mg/g 和 2.52，显著高于 0.3%过硫酸钾（PPL 组）。随着 PP 浓度的增加，稀有分类群（RT）的组成发生变化且均匀度提高，而丰富分类群（AT）不受影响。此外，与 PPL 相比，共生网络中的密度（0.037）、边缘（3278）和平均度（15.21）降低，而平均路径（4.021）和模块度增加。这使得微生物之间的物质、信息和能量的转化更加容易。有趣的是，PPH 中微生物在成熟阶段（24-60d）存在合作行为，但 PPL 中主要是竞争关系。合作行为与腐殖质呈正相关（p<0.05）。由于 AT 的指标，如度、介数中心度、特征向量中心度和接近中心度，都位于微生物网络的中心，因此不受 PP 浓度的影响。在 PPH 中，对腐殖化起重要作用的碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢途径的丰度较高。这些发现有助于理解在不同浓度的 PP 下，鸡粪和秸秆好氧堆肥过程中 RT 和 AT 的组成、相互作用和代谢功能对腐殖化的相对重要性，为利用各种调理剂促进有机固体废物腐殖化提供了基础参考。
