Author Affiliations: School of Nursing; University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Dr Simms-Roberson); Partnership for Families, Children and Adults; Rape Crisis Center; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Dr Simms-Roberson); and University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Department of Psychology; Chattanooga, Tennessee (Mr Broda).
Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2024;46(3):251-262. doi: 10.1097/TME.0000000000000524. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
Discussing the risk of exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and assessing the need for HIV nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) are essential components of providing care to victims of sexual assault. Current literature on the topic of HIV nPEP for victims of sexual assault surrounds risk of exposure, patient adherence, access and barriers, current practices, and standardized order sets. A significant gap in the literature concerning sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) knowledge of HIV infection and HIV nPEP evidence-based practice guidelines was identified. The purpose of this research was to assess SANE knowledge surrounding HIV infection and evidence-based practice recommendations for HIV nPEP use in victims of sexual assault.
A 20-item knowledge survey was created using QuestionPro. The aim of the survey was to measure SANE knowledge of HIV transmission, pathophysiology, nPEP medications, and evidence-based practice guidelines for victims of sexual assault. In addition to the 20 knowledge items, 15 demographic questions were included. The study design was cross-sectional, descriptive, and comparative. A total of 411 participants completed the survey.
Data analysis revealed knowledge deficits for topics such as risk of HIV transmission, nPEP indications, laboratory testing, drug regimens, nPEP timing, mechanism of action, medication contraindications, and adherence issues. The overall mean score for the knowledge survey among all participants was 13.36 out of 20 (66.8%).
A knowledge deficit among SANEs surrounding HIV infection and HIV nPEP evidence-based practice guidelines for patients who experienced sexual assault was identified. The study highlights the need for additional education for specialized nurses who are providing care to victims of sexual assault.
讨论人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）暴露风险，并评估是否需要对性侵受害者进行 HIV 非职业接触后预防（nPEP），这些都是为性侵受害者提供护理的重要组成部分。目前，有关性侵受害者 HIV nPEP 的文献主要围绕暴露风险、患者依从性、获取途径和障碍、当前实践以及标准化医嘱集展开。文献中还存在一个重大空白，即性侵急救护理师（SANE）对 HIV 感染和 HIV nPEP 循证实践指南的了解。本研究旨在评估 SANE 对 HIV 感染和性侵受害者使用 HIV nPEP 的循证实践建议的相关知识。
使用 QuestionPro 创建了一个包含 20 个问题的知识调查。调查的目的是衡量 SANE 对 HIV 传播、病理生理学、nPEP 药物以及性侵受害者循证实践指南的了解。除了 20 个知识问题外，还包括了 15 个人口统计学问题。研究设计为横断面、描述性和比较性。共有 411 名参与者完成了调查。
数据分析显示，在 HIV 传播风险、nPEP 指征、实验室检测、药物方案、nPEP 时机、作用机制、药物禁忌和依从性问题等主题上，参与者存在知识缺陷。所有参与者的知识调查总平均得分为 20 分中的 13.36 分（66.8%）。
确定了 SANE 对 HIV 感染和针对性侵受害者的 HIV nPEP 循证实践指南的知识存在缺陷。该研究强调了为专门护理性侵受害者的护士提供更多教育的必要性。
