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体力活动类型和性别在饮食失调模式中的交集。

The intersection of physical activity type and gender in patterns of disordered eating.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Road, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L5, Canada.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 5;14(1):18127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68657-4.

Abstract

Although previous research has linked disordered eating to physical activity involvement, more recent studies suggest that sports participation may be protective against disordered eating; however, due to inconsistent findings on how physical activity affects disordered eating and limited research comparing types of physical activity across weight control behaviours, our aim was to validate physical activity categorization across disordered eating components in both men and women. In this online study, 209 men and 539 women completed questionnaires assessing various components of disordered eating and overall physical activity participation. Pearson correlation coefficients, independent samples t-tests, multiple response crosstabulations, and linear regressions were calculated to achieve the aims of this study. Participation in various types of physical activity significantly predicted various components of disordered eating attitudes, behaviours, and cognitions. Specifically, for women, purging and restricting eating were associated with participation in ball games, while a focus on muscle building was associated with both ball games and weight-class physical activity. For men, body dissatisfaction and excessive exercise were associated with weight-class physical activity participation, while cognitive restraint and muscle building were related to aesthetic sports participation. Purging was associated with both aesthetic and weight-class physical activity, whereas restricting eating was related to weight-class physical activity and ball games. These inconsistencies underscore the need for further research to fully elucidate the relationship between participation in different types of physical activity and the various components of disordered eating.

摘要

虽然先前的研究将饮食失调与身体活动参与联系起来,但最近的研究表明,体育参与可能对饮食失调有保护作用;然而,由于关于身体活动如何影响饮食失调的研究结果不一致,以及比较不同体重控制行为的身体活动类型的研究有限,我们的目的是验证男性和女性在饮食失调各个成分中身体活动的分类。在这项在线研究中,209 名男性和 539 名女性完成了评估饮食失调各个成分和整体身体活动参与情况的问卷。为了实现本研究的目的,计算了 Pearson 相关系数、独立样本 t 检验、多项响应交叉表和线性回归。参与各种类型的身体活动显著预测了饮食失调态度、行为和认知的各个成分。具体来说,对于女性来说,呕吐和节食与球类运动有关,而关注肌肉锻炼与球类运动和体重分级身体活动都有关。对于男性来说,身体不满和过度运动与体重分级身体活动参与有关,而认知抑制和肌肉锻炼与审美运动参与有关。呕吐与审美和体重分级身体活动都有关,而节食与体重分级身体活动和球类运动有关。这些不一致性强调需要进一步研究,以充分阐明不同类型的身体活动参与和饮食失调各个成分之间的关系。

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