School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Mol Med. 2024 Aug;28(15):e18554. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.18554.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disease that causes an impairment of learning and memory. Despite the highly complex pathogenesis of AD, amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formation are the main hallmarks of AD. Neuroinflammation also has a crucial role in the development of AD. As the central nervous system's innate immune cells, microglial cells are activated in AD and induce inflammation by producing pro-inflammatory mediators. However, microglial activation is not always deleterious. M2-activated microglial cells are considered anti-inflammatory cells, which develop neuroprotection. Various approaches are proposed for managing AD, yet no effective therapy is available for this disorder. Considering the potential protective role of M2 microglia in neurodegenerative disorders and the improvement of these disorders by preconditioning approaches, it can be suggested that preconditioning of microglial cells may be beneficial for managing AD progression. Therefore, this study review microglial preconditioning approaches for preventing and improving AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种进行性疾病，可导致学习和记忆受损。尽管 AD 的发病机制非常复杂，但β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）沉积和神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）的形成是 AD 的主要标志。神经炎症在 AD 的发展中也起着关键作用。小胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统的固有免疫细胞，在 AD 中被激活，并通过产生促炎介质引发炎症。然而，小胶质细胞的激活并不总是有害的。M2 激活的小胶质细胞被认为是抗炎细胞，可发挥神经保护作用。目前提出了各种方法来治疗 AD，但这种疾病仍然没有有效的治疗方法。鉴于 M2 小胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病中的潜在保护作用以及预处理方法对这些疾病的改善作用，可以提出小胶质细胞的预处理可能有益于 AD 进展的管理。因此，本研究综述了小胶质细胞预处理方法在预防和改善 AD 中的作用。
