CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Aug 6;24(1):294. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03450-x.
The colonization of alien plants in new habitats is typically facilitated by microorganisms present in the soil environment. However, the diversity and structure of the archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities in the latitudinal spread of alien plants remain unclear. In this study, the rhizosphere and bulk soil of Chromolaena odorata were collected from five latitudes in Pu' er city, Yunnan Province, followed by amplicon sequencing of the soil archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities. Alpha and beta diversity results revealed that the richness indices and the structures of the archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities significantly differed along the latitudinal gradient. Additionally, significant differences were observed in the bacterial Shannon index, as well as in the structures of the bacterial and fungal communities between the rhizosphere and bulk soils. Due to the small spatial scale, trends of latitudinal variation in the archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities were not pronounced. Total potassium, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available potassium and total nitrogen were the important driving factors affecting the soil microbial community structure. Compared with those in bulk soil, co-occurrence networks in rhizosphere microbial networks presented lower complexity but greater modularity and positive connections. Among the main functional fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizae and soil saprotrophs were more abundant in the bulk soil. The significant differences in the soil microbes between rhizosphere and bulk soils further underscore the impact of C. odorata invasion on soil environments. The significant differences in the soil microbiota along latitudinal gradients, along with specific driving factors, demonstrate distinct nutrient preferences among archaea, bacteria, and fungi and indicate complex microbial responses to soil nutrient elements following the invasion of C. odorata.
外来植物在新栖息地的定殖通常是由土壤环境中存在的微生物所促进的。然而，外来植物在纬度上的扩散过程中，土壤中古菌、细菌和真菌群落的多样性和结构仍不清楚。本研究采集了云南省普洱市 5 个不同纬度的紫茎泽兰的根际和非根际土壤，对土壤古菌、细菌和真菌群落进行了扩增子测序。α多样性和β多样性结果表明，土壤古菌、细菌和真菌群落的丰富度指数和结构沿纬度梯度显著不同。此外，在细菌 Shannon 指数以及根际和非根际土壤中细菌和真菌群落的结构上也观察到了显著差异。由于空间尺度较小，土壤古菌、细菌和真菌群落的纬度变化趋势并不明显。总钾、总磷、有效氮、有效钾和全氮是影响土壤微生物群落结构的重要驱动因素。与非根际土壤相比，根际微生物网络的共现网络呈现出较低的复杂性、较高的模块性和较多的正连接。在主要功能真菌中，丛枝菌根真菌和土壤腐生真菌在非根际土壤中更为丰富。根际和非根际土壤中微生物的显著差异进一步强调了紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤环境的影响。土壤微生物沿纬度梯度的显著差异以及特定的驱动因素表明，古菌、细菌和真菌对土壤养分有明显的偏好，并表明复杂的微生物对土壤养分元素的响应随着紫茎泽兰的入侵而发生变化。
