Vangone G, Russo G
Pediatr Med Chir. 1985 Jan-Feb;7(1):125-9.
The count of bacteria in fresh, unstained, uncentrifuged urine specimens, using a phase-contrast microscope, magnification X400, and a hemocytometer chamber, is a simple method to exclude urinary tract infection. The specificity of this method is 94%, while the sensibility is 66%. We exclude an urinary infection when the count is less than 5 bacteria/0.1 ml. If we add to bacteria the evaluation of pyuria, the sensibility of this method does not change. On the contrary what we observe is an increase of the false positives. Bacteria more easily identified in urine specimens are E. Coli and Klebsiellae; the bacterioscopy has confirmed respectively 82% and 100% of positive urinecultures. The corresponding values for Protei and Streptococci are 23% and 20% respectively. This method is very simple also for teaching; it requires only a few minutes and is inexpensive. Its most useful utilization is the exclusion of urinary tract infection when the concentration of bacteria in the urine is less than 5 bacteria/0.1 ml.
使用相差显微镜（放大倍数为400倍）和血细胞计数板，对新鲜、未染色、未离心的尿液标本中的细菌进行计数，是排除尿路感染的一种简单方法。该方法的特异性为94%，敏感性为66%。当细菌计数小于5个/0.1ml时，我们排除尿路感染。如果在细菌计数的基础上再加上脓尿的评估，该方法的敏感性不变。相反，我们观察到的是假阳性增加。尿液标本中较易识别的细菌是大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌；细菌镜检分别证实了82%和100%的阳性尿培养结果。变形杆菌和链球菌的相应数值分别为23%和20%。该方法用于教学也非常简单；只需要几分钟，而且成本低廉。其最有用的用途是当尿液中细菌浓度小于5个/0.1ml时排除尿路感染。
