Iravani M, Simjoo M, Chahardowli M, Moghaddam A Rezvani
Faculty of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 8;14(1):18448. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68218-9.
The synergistic potential of using graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) as GO enhanced polymer hybrid (GOeP) for enhancing oil recovery (EOR) purposes has drawn attention. However, the hybridization method and stability of GOeP have not been comprehensively studied. To cover this gap, the current study evaluates the stability of GOeP under different conditions, including temperatures such as 60 and 80 °C, high and low salinities, and the presence of Mg ions (6430 and 643 ppm). Hence, GO nanosheets were synthesized and characterized through XRD, Raman, FTIR, and DLS techniques. The performance of five preparation methods was assessed to determine their ability to produce stable hybrids. Zeta potential and sedimentation methods, coupled with the ANOVA statistical technique, were used for measuring and interpreting stability for 21 days. Results revealed that the stability of GOeP in the presence of brine is influenced by hydrolyzation duration, the composition of the water used in polymer hydrolyzation, the form of additives (being powdery or in aqueous solution), and the dispersion quality, including whether the GO solution was prediluted. The results revealed that the positive impact of higher temperatures on the long-term stability of GOeP is approximately seven times less significant than the reduction in stability caused by salinity. Under elevated salinity conditions, a higher Mg concentration led to an 80% decrease in long-term stability, whereas the temperature impact was negligible. These findings highlight the potential of GOeP for EOR applications, offering insights into optimizing stability under challenging reservoir conditions.
氧化石墨烯（GO）纳米片与水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）作为用于提高采收率（EOR）目的的GO增强聚合物杂化物（GOeP）的协同潜力已引起关注。然而，GOeP的杂化方法和稳定性尚未得到全面研究。为了弥补这一差距，当前研究评估了GOeP在不同条件下的稳定性，包括60和80°C等温度、高盐度和低盐度以及镁离子（6430和643 ppm）的存在。因此，通过XRD、拉曼、FTIR和DLS技术合成并表征了GO纳米片。评估了五种制备方法的性能，以确定它们制备稳定杂化物的能力。使用zeta电位和沉降方法，结合方差分析统计技术，对21天的稳定性进行测量和解释。结果表明，盐水存在下GOeP的稳定性受水解持续时间、聚合物水解所用的水的组成、添加剂的形式（粉末状或水溶液形式）以及分散质量（包括GO溶液是否预先稀释）的影响。结果表明，较高温度对GOeP长期稳定性的积极影响大约比盐度导致的稳定性降低小七倍。在高盐度条件下，较高的镁浓度导致长期稳定性降低80%，而温度影响可忽略不计。这些发现突出了GOeP在EOR应用中的潜力，为在具有挑战性的储层条件下优化稳定性提供了见解。
