Chaimovitsh David, Kahane-Achinoam Tali, Nuriel Ohad, Meller Harel Yael, Silverman David, Nitzan Nadav, Frenkel Omer, Gonda Itay
Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay 30095, Israel.
Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Aug 1;13(15):2135. doi: 10.3390/plants13152135.
Since 2012, growers of coriander, L., in Israel have been suffering from summer wilting that can result in entire fields collapsing. The current study aimed to determine the cause of the phenomenon and find a genetic solution to the problem. The disease was reproduced in a growth chamber using naturally-infested soil from a commercial field. Wilt became apparent within two weeks, and after ten weeks, all plants died compared to plants in sterilized soil from the same source. was isolated from infected plants, and Koch's postulates were completed. Sequence analysis of the () encoding gene of the pathogen had a 99.54% match to f. sp. . Several coriander varieties were screened for resistance or tolerance to the disease. In four independent experiments, only the cultivar 'Smadi' showed high tolerance, while other genotypes were susceptible. In a trial in a naturally infested field, the cultivar 'Smadi' outperformed the commercial cultivar 'Blair'. 'Smadi' provides a cropping solution to many Israeli farmers, yet this winter cultivar bolts early in the summer. There is a further need to characterize the tolerance mechanism and inheritance for informed breeding of late-bolting Fusarium-resistant coriander.
自2012年以来，以色列的香菜种植者一直遭受夏季萎蔫病的困扰，该病可能导致整块田地的植株枯萎。当前的研究旨在确定该现象的成因，并找到针对这一问题的遗传解决方案。利用来自一块商业田地的自然感染土壤，在生长室中重现了这种病害。两周内植株出现萎蔫症状，十周后，与来自同一来源的经过消毒处理的土壤中的植株相比，所有植株均死亡。从受感染植株中分离出了病原菌，并完成了柯赫氏法则验证。对病原菌编码基因的序列分析显示，其与尖孢镰刀菌香菜专化型的匹配度达99.54%。对几个香菜品种进行了抗病性或耐病性筛选。在四项独立试验中，只有“斯马迪”品种表现出高耐病性，而其他基因型均易感病。在一块自然感染病害的田地里进行的试验中，“斯马迪”品种的表现优于商业品种“布莱尔”。“斯马迪”为许多以色列农民提供了一种种植解决方案，然而这种冬季品种在夏季过早抽薹。为了有针对性地培育晚抽薹且抗镰刀菌的香菜品种，还需要进一步研究其耐病机制及遗传特性。
