Department of Nanobiotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Section of Production, Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Molecules. 2024 Jul 29;29(15):3581. doi: 10.3390/molecules29153581.
(1) Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a crucial functional receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the scale of infections is no longer at pandemic levels, there are still fatal cases. The potential of the virus to infect the skin raises questions about new preventive measures. In the context of anti-SARS-CoV-2 applications, the interactions of antimicrobial nanomaterials (silver, Ag; diamond, D; graphene oxide, GO and their complexes) were examined to assess their ability to affect whether ACE2 binds with the virus. (2) Methods: ACE2 inhibition competitive tests and in vitro treatments of primary human adult epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa) and primary human adult dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) were performed to assess the blocking capacity of nanomaterials/nanocomplexes and their toxicity to cells. (3) Results: The nanocomplexes exerted a synergistic effect compared to individual nanomaterials. HEKa cells were more sensitive than HDFa cells to Ag treatments and high concentrations of GO. Cytotoxic effects were not observed with D. In the complexes, both carbonic nanomaterials had a soothing effect against Ag. (4) Conclusions: The Ag5D10 and Ag5GO10 nanocomplexes seem to be most effective and safe for skin applications to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking ACE2-S binding. These nanocomplexes should be evaluated through prolonged in vivo exposure. The expected low specificity enables wider applications.
(1) 背景:血管紧张素转换酶 2(ACE2)是 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的重要功能受体。尽管感染规模不再处于大流行水平,但仍有致命病例。病毒感染皮肤的可能性引发了对新预防措施的质疑。在抗 SARS-CoV-2 应用的背景下,研究了抗菌纳米材料(银、Ag;金刚石、D;氧化石墨烯、GO 及其复合物)的相互作用,以评估它们影响 ACE2 与病毒结合的能力。(2) 方法:进行 ACE2 抑制竞争测试和原代人成人表皮角质形成细胞(HEKa)和原代人成人真皮成纤维细胞(HDFa)的体外处理,以评估纳米材料/纳米复合物的阻断能力及其对细胞的毒性。(3) 结果:与单独的纳米材料相比,纳米复合物表现出协同作用。Ag 处理和高浓度 GO 对 HEKa 细胞比 HDFa 细胞更敏感。D 无细胞毒性。在复合物中,两种碳纳米材料对 Ag 都有舒缓作用。(4) 结论:Ag5D10 和 Ag5GO10 纳米复合物似乎是最有效和安全的皮肤应用,可通过阻断 ACE2-S 结合来抵抗 SARS-CoV-2 感染。这些纳米复合物应通过延长体内暴露进行评估。预期的低特异性使其具有更广泛的应用。