Alle Tigabu R, Andrew Samora M, Karlsson Miriam F, Gure Abdella
Sirinka Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box 74, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Regional Research School in Forest Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3009 Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 16;10(14):e34751. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34751. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
The practice of gathering and utilizing Ziziphus tree fruits serves as a key strategy to enhance nutrition and livelihoods employed by rural communities across various regions worldwide. Despite a burgeoning interest in and comprehension of their significance, there remains a dearth of information concerning the morphological attributes of both fruits and seeds essential for bolstering resistance against pests and diseases through breeding efforts. In this regard, comprehensive data pertaining to fruit dimensions (length, width, weight, and maturity level) and seed characteristics (length, width, and 100-seed weight) across three distinct land use types (LUT)-farmland (FL), home garden (HG), and roadside (RS)-were systematically gathered to ascertain the variability in traits among tree species in the Bosset and Bati districts of Ethiopia. Significant disparities in fruit and seed morphological traits were evident among different populations inhabiting the aforementioned LUTs. Notably, the most substantial mean measurements for fruit length (16 mm), width (18 mm), and weight (28 g), as well as seed width (6 mm), were documented within the farmland setting of Bosset. The highest mean seed length (7 mm) and 100-seed weight (5 g) were observed within farmland and home garden environments in Bati. Furthermore, a significant and positive correlation was determined between fruit length and width (r = 0.78), alongside the weight of ten fruits and width (r = 0.65). Ffruit maturity levels exhibited a negative correlation with weight but not with length and width dimensions. Similarly, seed length and width demonstrated a significant correlation (r = 0.88), while 100-seed weight exhibited a modest correlation with seed dimensions. Overall, findings suggest that the Bosset district boasts superior morphological traits, thereby indicating its potential for harboring robust stands and candidate trees conducive to selection for breeding programs aimed at enhancing resistance against insect pests and diseases.
收集和利用枣树果实的做法是全球各地区农村社区用来改善营养和生计的一项关键策略。尽管人们对其重要性的兴趣和理解不断增加，但关于果实和种子形态特征的信息仍然匮乏，而这些特征对于通过育种努力增强抗病虫害能力至关重要。在这方面，系统收集了三种不同土地利用类型（LUT）——农田（FL）、家庭花园（HG）和路边（RS）——的果实尺寸（长度、宽度、重量和成熟度）和种子特征（长度、宽度和百粒重）的综合数据，以确定埃塞俄比亚博塞特和巴蒂地区不同树种之间的性状变异性。在上述土地利用类型中的不同种群之间，果实和种子形态特征存在显著差异。值得注意的是，博塞特农田环境中记录的果实长度（16毫米）、宽度（18毫米）和重量（28克）以及种子宽度（6毫米）的平均测量值最高。在巴蒂的农田和家庭花园环境中观察到最高的平均种子长度（7毫米）和百粒重（5克）。此外，确定果实长度和宽度之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.78），十个果实的重量和宽度之间也存在显著正相关（r = 0.65）。果实成熟度水平与重量呈负相关，但与长度和宽度维度无关。同样，种子长度和宽度显示出显著相关性（r = 0.88），而百粒重与种子尺寸的相关性较弱。总体而言，研究结果表明，博塞特地区拥有更优良的形态特征，从而表明该地区有可能拥有有利于选择用于培育抗病虫害品种的健壮林分和候选树木。
