Business Economic Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2024 Sep;23(5):e13403. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13403.
Foodborne illnesses result in a high disease burden worldwide, making food safety control of food business operations (FBOs) an urgent issue. With public agencies and FBOs facing challenges in monitoring the complex food supply chain with limited resources, scientific and objective insights into those factors that are related to food safety at FBOs are needed. These factors can be used as input for risk-based inspection. We conducted a systematic review to identify and analyze risk factors affecting the FBOs' food safety risk. We used a set of predefined search strings in Scopus and Web of Science to search for scientific manuscripts published in the English language between January 1 2003 and February 1 2023. The review identified 53 relevant studies and 43 risk factors. The presence of certified personnel turned out to be the most cited factor. Nearly half of the extracted factors had only been investigated in one study. Additional challenges were identified for developing a universal ready-to-use list of factors for the building of a risk-based inspection method, such as the limitation in the applicability of identified factors in different types of FBOs, and the variability in conclusions between publications for certain factors (e.g., FBO location and inspection history), stressing the need for additional research. Future studies should also prioritize standardizing definitions and measurements, particularly regarding compliance factors. In general, the current list of factors brought forward in our review lays the groundwork for building a transparent, objective, and risk-based method for food safety inspections of FBOs.
食源性疾病在全球造成了沉重的疾病负担，因此食品安全控制成为食品企业运营（FBO）的当务之急。由于公共机构和 FBO 在有限资源的情况下，难以监测复杂的食品供应链，因此需要科学客观地了解与 FBO 食品安全相关的因素。这些因素可以作为基于风险的检查的输入。我们进行了系统评价，以确定和分析影响 FBO 食品安全风险的因素。我们使用了 Scopus 和 Web of Science 中的一组预定义搜索字符串，在 2003 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 2 月 1 日期间，搜索以英文发表的科学文献。该综述确定了 53 项相关研究和 43 个风险因素。有认证人员的存在是被引用最多的因素。近一半的提取因素仅在一项研究中进行了调查。在开发基于风险的检查方法的通用现成因素列表方面，还确定了其他挑战，例如在不同类型的 FBO 中识别出的因素的适用性有限，以及某些因素（例如 FBO 位置和检查历史）之间出版物的结论存在差异，强调需要进一步研究。未来的研究还应优先考虑标准化定义和测量，特别是关于合规因素。总的来说，我们的综述中提出的当前因素列表为建立 FBO 食品安全检查的透明、客观和基于风险的方法奠定了基础。
