Dupont Julien, Mignini Benedetta, Salciccia Alexandra, Serteyn Didier, Sandersen Charlotte
Department of Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Equine Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Equine Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2024 Sep-Oct;51(5):426-432. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.05.009. Epub 2024 May 29.
To compare the efficacy of inhaled salbutamol with salmeterol for the treatment of arterial hypoxaemia in anaesthetized horses.
Prospective, randomized, clinical study.
A total of 108 client-owned horses (American Society of Anesthesiologists status I-V) anaesthetized for elective and emergency procedures.
Horses were premedicated with acepromazine [intramuscularly 0.1 mg kg or intravenously (IV) 0.05 mg kg] and xylazine (0.6 mg kg IV). Midazolam (0.06 mg kg IV) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg IV) were combined to induce anaesthesia, and isoflurane in oxygen/air mixture (inspired oxygen fraction 0.7) was used for maintenance of anaesthesia. Mechanical ventilation was initiated without delay using the following ventilator settings: tidal volume 10 mL kg, respiratory rate 8 breaths minute, inspiratory-to-expiratory time ratio 1:2, no positive end-expiratory pressure. If arterial blood gas analysis revealed PaO < 100 mmHg (13.3 kPa), the administration of either inhaled salbutamol (2 μg kg) or salmeterol (0.5 μg kg) was randomly assigned Blood gas analysis was repeated 15 and 30 minutes after treatment. The intervention was considered successful when PaO after treatment ≥ 1.2 × PaO before treatment (i.e. ≥20% increase). PaO at 15 and 30 minutes was compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U test; p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Of the 108 horses, 60 were administered salbutamol, 65% and 60% responded successfully at 15 and 30 minutes, increasing their initial PaO by 38% and 44%, respectively. The other 48 horses were administered salmeterol, 35% responded successfully at 15 and 30 minutes, increasing their initial PaO by 3% and 4%, respectively. PaO was significantly higher after salbutamol than after salmeterol at 15 and 30 minutes.
Using the described protocol, inhaled salbutamol was more effective than salmeterol in improving PaO in anaesthetized horses with value < 100 mmHg (13.3 kPa).
比较吸入沙丁胺醇与沙美特罗治疗麻醉马匹动脉低氧血症的疗效。
前瞻性、随机、临床研究。
共108匹客户拥有的马匹（美国麻醉医师协会分级I - V级），接受择期和急诊手术麻醉。
马匹术前用乙酰丙嗪[肌内注射0.1 mg/kg或静脉注射（IV）0.05 mg/kg]和赛拉嗪（0.6 mg/kg IV）预处理。咪达唑仑（0.06 mg/kg IV）和氯胺酮（2.2 mg/kg IV）联合诱导麻醉，采用氧气/空气混合（吸入氧分数0.7）中的异氟醚维持麻醉。立即使用以下呼吸机设置启动机械通气：潮气量10 mL/kg，呼吸频率8次/分钟，吸气与呼气时间比1:2，无呼气末正压。如果动脉血气分析显示PaO < 100 mmHg（13.3 kPa），则随机给予吸入沙丁胺醇（2 μg/kg）或沙美特罗（0.5 μg/kg）治疗。治疗后15分钟和30分钟重复进行血气分析。当治疗后的PaO≥治疗前PaO的1.2倍（即增加≥20%）时，干预被认为成功。使用Mann-Whitney U检验比较两组在15分钟和30分钟时的PaO；p < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
108匹马中，60匹给予沙丁胺醇，65%和60%在15分钟和30分钟时反应成功，初始PaO分别增加38%和44%。另外48匹马给予沙美特罗，35%在15分钟和30分钟时反应成功，初始PaO分别增加3%和4%。在15分钟和30分钟时，沙丁胺醇治疗后的PaO显著高于沙美特罗治疗后的PaO。
采用所述方案，吸入沙丁胺醇在改善PaO < 100 mmHg（13.3 kPa）的麻醉马匹的PaO方面比沙美特罗更有效。
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