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细菌通过诱导产生细胞外囊泡来去除有害代谢物，从而调节微藻衰老生理。

Bacteria modulate microalgal aging physiology through the induction of extracellular vesicle production to remove harmful metabolites.

机构信息

Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.

Balance of the Microverse Cluster of Excellence, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.

出版信息

Nat Microbiol. 2024 Sep;9(9):2356-2368. doi: 10.1038/s41564-024-01746-2. Epub 2024 Aug 14.

DOI:10.1038/s41564-024-01746-2
PMID:39143356
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11371645/
Abstract

The bloom and bust patterns of microalgae in aquatic systems contribute massively to global biogeochemical cycles. The decline of algal blooms is mainly caused by nutrient limitation resulting in cell death, the arrest of cell division and the aging of surviving cells. Nutrient intake can re-initiate proliferation, but the processes involved are poorly understood. Here we characterize how the bloom-forming diatom Coscinodiscus radiatus recovers from starvation after nutrient influx. Rejuvenation is mediated by extracellular vesicles that shuttle reactive oxygen species, oxylipins and other harmful metabolites out of the old cells, thereby re-enabling their proliferation. By administering nutrient pulses to aged cells and metabolomic monitoring of the response, we show that regulated pathways are centred around the methionine cycle in C. radiatus. Co-incubation experiments show that bacteria mediate aging processes and trigger vesicle production using chemical signalling. This work opens new perspectives on cellular aging and rejuvenation in complex microbial communities.

摘要

水生态系统中微藻的兴衰模式对全球生物地球化学循环有重大贡献。藻类大量减少主要是由于营养限制导致细胞死亡、细胞分裂停止和存活细胞老化。营养物质的摄入可以重新启动增殖，但相关过程知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了形成水华的硅藻辐射圆筛藻在营养物质流入后如何从饥饿中恢复。恢复是由细胞外囊泡介导的，这些囊泡将活性氧、氧化脂类和其他有害代谢物从旧细胞中转移出去，从而使它们能够再次增殖。通过向老化细胞施加营养脉冲并对反应进行代谢组学监测，我们表明，在辐射圆筛藻中，受调控的途径集中在蛋氨酸循环上。共培养实验表明，细菌使用化学信号来介导老化过程并触发囊泡的产生。这项工作为复杂微生物群落中的细胞衰老和恢复开辟了新的视角。

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