Abitante George, Cole David A, Bean Christian, Politte-Corn Madison, Liu Qimin, Dao Anh, Dickey Lindsay, Pegg Samantha, Kujawa Autumn
Vanderbilt University.
Pennsylvania State University.
J Mood Anxiety Disord. 2024 Sep;7. doi: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100069. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
Alterations in dynamic affective processes are associated with dysregulated affect and depression. Although depression is often associated with heightened inertia (i.e., greater moment-to-moment correlation) and variability (i.e., larger departures from typical levels) of affect in adults, less is known about whether altered affect dynamics are present in youth at risk for depression. This study investigated the association of clinical depression and depression risk with the inertia and variability of positive and negative affect in a sample of youth at varying risk for depression. Our sample included 147 adolescents aged 14 to 17, categorized into three groups: never-depressed lower-risk, never-depressed higher-risk (based on maternal history of depression), and currently depressed adolescents. Adolescents completed ecological momentary assessments of positive and negative affect up to seven times per day for a week. Multilevel models and ANOVAs were used to examine associations of affective inertia and variability with adolescent depression and risk based on maternal history, controlling for average affect. Depressed adolescents showed more inert and diminished positive affect, and more variable and elevated negative affect compared to lower- and higher-risk youth, though associations attenuated after controlling for average affect. No differences were identified between never-depressed higher-risk and lower-risk youth. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate whether altered affect dynamics in daily life precede depression onset to understand their utility for developing preventive interventions.
动态情感过程的改变与情感失调和抑郁症有关。虽然在成年人中，抑郁症通常与情感的惯性增强（即更高的时刻间相关性）和变异性（即与典型水平的更大偏差）有关，但对于处于抑郁症风险中的青少年是否存在情感动态变化，我们所知甚少。本研究调查了不同抑郁症风险的青少年样本中临床抑郁症和抑郁症风险与积极和消极情感的惯性和变异性之间的关联。我们的样本包括147名14至17岁的青少年，分为三组：从未患抑郁症的低风险组、从未患抑郁症的高风险组（基于母亲的抑郁症病史）和目前患抑郁症的青少年组。青少年在一周内每天最多完成七次积极和消极情感的生态瞬时评估。使用多层次模型和方差分析来检验情感惯性和变异性与青少年抑郁症及基于母亲病史的风险之间的关联，并控制平均情感水平。与低风险和高风险青少年相比，患抑郁症的青少年表现出更多的惯性和减弱的积极情感，以及更多的变异性和增强的消极情感，不过在控制平均情感水平后，这些关联减弱。从未患抑郁症的高风险青少年和低风险青少年之间未发现差异。需要更多的纵向研究来评估日常生活中情感动态变化是否先于抑郁症发作，以了解它们在制定预防干预措施中的作用。
