维生素 D 受体通过下调 YAP 减轻四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化。

Vitamin D receptor attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis via downregulation of YAP.

机构信息

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.

出版信息

J Hazard Mater. 2024 Oct 5;478:135480. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135480. Epub 2024 Aug 10.

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver diseases are common causes of liver fibrosis, sharing a similar pathogenesis with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) exposure. This process involves the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts. However, the detailed mechanism and effective treatment strategies require further investigation. In this study, we uncovered a negative correlation between VDR expression and YAP within HSCs. Subsequently, we demonstrated that VDR exerted a downregulatory influence on YAP transcriptional activity in HSCs. Intriguingly, activation VDR effectively inhibited the culture induced activation of primary HSCs by suppressing the transcriptional activity of early YAP. Furthermore, in vivo results manifested that hepatic-specific deletion of YAP/TAZ ameliorates CCl-induced liver fibrosis, and nullified the antifibrotic efficacy of VDR. Importantly, a YAP inhibitor rescued the exacerbation of liver fibrosis induced by hepatic-specific VDR knockout. Moreover, the combined pharmacological of VDR agonist and YAP inhibitor demonstrated a synergistic effect in diminishing CCl-induced liver fibrosis, primary HSCs activation and hepatic injury in vivo. These effects were underpinned by their collective ability to inhibit HSC activation through AMPK activation, consequently curbing ATP synthesis and HSCs proliferation. In conclusion, our results not only revealed the inhibition of VDR on YAP-activated liver stellate cells but also identified a synergistic effect of VDR agonist and YAP inhibitor in an AMPKα-dependent manner, providing a practical foundation for integration of multi-targeted drugs in the therapy of CCl-induced hepatic fibrosis.

摘要

肝纤维化的特征是细胞外基质蛋白的过度积累,这可能导致肝硬化和肝癌。代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病是肝纤维化的常见原因,与四氯化碳(CCl₄)暴露具有相似的发病机制。这一过程涉及肝星状细胞(HSCs)向肌成纤维细胞的激活。然而,其详细的机制和有效的治疗策略需要进一步研究。在本研究中,我们发现 VDR 在 HSCs 中的表达与 YAP 呈负相关。随后,我们证明 VDR 对 HSCs 中 YAP 的转录活性具有下调作用。有趣的是,激活 VDR 通过抑制早期 YAP 的转录活性,有效抑制原代 HSCs 培养诱导的激活。此外,体内结果表明,YAP/TAZ 的肝特异性缺失可改善 CCl 诱导的肝纤维化,并消除 VDR 的抗纤维化作用。重要的是,YAP 抑制剂挽救了肝特异性 VDR 敲除引起的肝纤维化加剧。此外,VDR 激动剂和 YAP 抑制剂的联合药物治疗在体内显示出协同作用,可减少 CCl 诱导的肝纤维化、原代 HSCs 激活和肝损伤。这些作用的基础是它们通过 AMPK 激活抑制 HSC 激活,从而抑制 ATP 合成和 HSCs 增殖的共同能力。总之,我们的研究结果不仅揭示了 VDR 对 YAP 激活的肝星状细胞的抑制作用,还确定了 VDR 激动剂和 YAP 抑制剂在 AMPKα依赖性方式下的协同作用,为整合多靶点药物治疗 CCl 诱导的肝纤维化提供了实践基础。

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