Aslan Nevin Alayvaz, Elver Ozde, Korkmaz Cansu, Senol Hande, Hayla Alperen Halil, Guler Nil
Department of Hematology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkiye.
Department of Internal Medicine, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkiye.
North Clin Istanb. 2024 Aug 2;11(4):292-301. doi: 10.14744/nci.2023.92332. eCollection 2024.
Incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is higher than the expected in patients with hematologic malignancies and duration of hospitalization period increases the risk of thrombosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients with hematologic malignancies.
We designed a prospective cohort study and enrolled patients with hematologic malignancies, who had been hospitalized between 2020 and 2021. Thromboprophylaxis was given to all patients, other than those under a high risk of hemorrhage.
94 patients were enrolled. The incidence of superficial vein thrombosis was 11.7% and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (including pulmonary embolism and catheter thrombosis) was 7.4%. Patients, who developed thrombosis, had statistically significantly longer hospital stays (21 vs. 11.5 days, p=0.023) and a higher number of hospitalizations (1 vs. 3, p=0.015) compared to those, who did not develop thrombosis. Patients, who had 3 or more risk factors for thrombosis, were found to be under the highest risk. (p=0.017, OR=4.32; 95% CI: 1.3-14.35). Furthermore, patients with recurrent hospitalizations (p=0.024, OR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.05-2.11) and higher fibrinogen levels (p=0.028, OR=1; 95% CI: 1-1.006) were under an increased risk of thrombosis.
Venous thrombosis is frequently seen in hospitalized patients with hematologic malignancies. A universally accepted risk scoring system is required for detection of patients, under a high risk for thrombosis.
血液系统恶性肿瘤患者静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）的发生率高于预期，住院时间延长会增加血栓形成风险。本研究的目的是调查血液系统恶性肿瘤住院患者静脉血栓形成的发生率及危险因素。
我们设计了一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入2020年至2021年期间住院的血液系统恶性肿瘤患者。除出血高风险患者外，所有患者均给予血栓预防措施。
共纳入94例患者。浅静脉血栓形成的发生率为11.7%，深静脉血栓形成（包括肺栓塞和导管血栓形成）的发生率为7.4%。与未发生血栓的患者相比，发生血栓的患者住院时间在统计学上显著更长（21天对11.5天，p = 0.023），住院次数更多（1次对3次，p = 0.015）。发现有3个或更多血栓形成危险因素的患者风险最高（p = 0.017，OR = 4.32；95% CI：1.3 - 14.35）。此外，反复住院的患者（p = 0.024，OR = 1.49；95% CI：1.05 - 2.11）和纤维蛋白原水平较高的患者（p = 0.028，OR = 1；95% CI：1 - 1.006）血栓形成风险增加。
血液系统恶性肿瘤住院患者中静脉血栓形成较为常见。需要一个普遍接受的风险评分系统来检测血栓形成高风险患者。
