Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; College of JunCao Science and Ecology (College of Carbon Neutrality), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350002, China.
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Dec 1;362:124726. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124726. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
Although greenspace exposure has physiological health benefits, there is insufficient research on the threshold effect of health benefits in typical urban landscapes. Here we selected five typical urban landscapes (open greenspace, semi-closed greenspace, closed greenspace, bluespace, grey space) in 15 urban parks in Xiamen, China, and applied the physiological health threshold model to calculate the efficiency threshold and benefit threshold of greenspace exposure by continuously monitoring the changes of two physiological indicators-electroencephalography (EEG) and heart rate (HR). (1) The EEG threshold results show that compared with greenspace exposure, bluespace exposure can reach the physiological health efficiency threshold faster (4-5 min) but does not show an advantage in terms of benefit threshold. The more open the greenspace, the faster it can reach the efficiency threshold (5-6 min), but the higher the canopy density of the (closed) greenspace, the shorter the time to reach the efficiency threshold (8-9 min). (2) The HR threshold shows that bluespace and open greenspace are the fastest to reach the efficiency threshold (1 min), with the remaining greenspace reaching it after 6-7 min. The benefit threshold was reached faster in the bluespace (11 min) than in the greenspace (18-21 min), and the degree of openness of the greenspace has no significant effect on the speed of benefit thresholds. (3) Combining the results of EEG and HR thresholds, it can be seen that bluespace is better at reducing stress, while open greenspace can reach efficiency thresholds more quickly. This study confirms the physiological health threshold model, offering a reference for urban greenspace planning to enhance residents' stress management and health.
尽管绿地暴露对身体健康有益，但对于典型城市景观中健康益处的阈值效应的研究还不够充分。在这里，我们选择了中国厦门 15 个城市公园中的 5 种典型城市景观（开敞绿地、半封闭绿地、封闭绿地、蓝绿空间、灰色空间），并通过连续监测两种生理指标——脑电图（EEG）和心率（HR）的变化，应用生理健康阈值模型来计算绿地暴露的效率阈值和效益阈值。（1）EEG 阈值结果表明，与绿地暴露相比，蓝绿空间暴露能更快地达到生理健康效率阈值（4-5 分钟），但在效益阈值方面没有优势。绿地越开阔，达到效率阈值的速度越快（5-6 分钟），但（封闭）绿地的冠层密度越高，达到效率阈值的时间越短（8-9 分钟）。（2）HR 阈值表明，蓝绿空间和开敞绿地最快达到效率阈值（1 分钟），其余绿地在 6-7 分钟后达到效率阈值。蓝绿空间达到效益阈值的速度更快（11 分钟），而绿地达到效益阈值的速度较慢（18-21 分钟），绿地的开放程度对效益阈值的速度没有显著影响。（3）结合 EEG 和 HR 阈值的结果可以看出，蓝绿空间更有利于减轻压力，而开敞绿地能更快地达到效率阈值。本研究证实了生理健康阈值模型，为城市绿地规划提供了参考，以增强居民的压力管理和健康水平。
